tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-56931009040242672902024-02-08T05:08:52.289-08:00Ee biology topicsJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.comBlogger228125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-38105046897074988582020-08-27T10:34:00.001-07:002020-08-27T10:34:08.777-07:00Determinants of Transfer Pricing â⬠Free Samples to StudentsQuestion: Examine about the Determinants of Transfer Pricing Aggressiveness. Answer: Presentation: It is important to comprehend the reality on issues identifying with private status of Kit. Unit is a lasting tenant in Australia however he was conceived in Chile. IT was unmistakably referenced for the situation that he doesn't have Australian resident regardless of the way that he dwells in Australia for all time (Woellner et al. 2016). IT Ruling 260 under ITAA 1977 uncovers the way that salary that is acquired or created from the Australian occupant should be held for arrangement just as separated from other across the nation sources. Habitation Test-Domicile test is one of the test that will help in responding to the contextual investigation question and coming to the end result toward the end. This specific test can be effortlessly archived as a lawful portrayal that help at the hour of undertaking choices for getting data on issues identifying with current private status of an individual (Snape and De Souza 2016). Adding to the test, it tends to be comprehended that Domicile test is utilized for private test that is do dependent on the laws just as rules as speak to as expressed in the Domicile Act in the year 1982. 183 Test-183 tests is one of the tests that will help in responding to the contextual investigation question and coming to the end result toward the end. This specific test clarifies that reality that if an individual remain with no break for the greater part of the year, at that point that individual is treated as an occupant of Australia. It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that Kit has lived the greater part of the year in Australia that makes him as an Australian resident. It is unmistakably referenced in the standard, for example, F .C. of T. v. Applegate (79 ATC 4307; (1979) 9 ATR 899, where people abides in Australia for specific period and uncovers that reality that individuals who is the occupant of the nation (Richardson, Taylor and Lanis 2013). Personal Tax Assessment Income Tax Assessment is one of the appraisals that will help in addressing the contextual investigation question and coming to the end result toward the end. It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that that an individual is responsible for paying assessment when it has proper evidence that is found in regards to the nationality circumstance. It is unmistakably referenced in the demonstration, for example, Applegate per Franki J 79 ATC where it clarifies that Kit is an inhabitant of Australia and need giving all his salary both in abroad and home state when he will petition for personal assessment form (Richardson, Taylor and Lanis 2013). It very well may be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that the issue lies that are looked by California copper Syndicate Limited that has expendable property that is mistreated for minerals. Adding to the above case, the result of the case influences resources that are deliberately possible for testing period that isn't announced for having sufficient accounts. The decision of the court clarifies on issues that is identified with any benefits that are open and taken by individual or all things considered individual goes under the heading conceivable salary (Petty et al. 2015). It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that that adequate benefits of exchange and region where it is accomplish from the offer of land where it is estimated for surveying with the provisions. Adding to the above case, it is straightforward the way that any returns set up from offer of land can be assessable as state by the Australian expense specialists (Pearce and Pinto 2015). The decision of the court express the reality on issues identifying with any business development can be utilized for selling the land that is treated as comprehension of benefits assets and given movement for selling that goes under acknowledgment of capital resources. It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that on issues to a circumstance on whether the money build from offer of land is assets in commonsense strategy. Adding to the above articulation, the citizen money delineate that any comprehension of assets and pay not be help in appraisal esteem. The above considers as one of the well known cases that are Mason, Morphy and Wilson for the most part delineates that under segment 25 (1) any benefits created from offer of property should be held by relevant individual. The decision was given by the court when declaration is made that incorporate of some introduction at this to be executed by individuals (Michel 2016). Subsequent to examining the case, it is obvious to express the reality where the general decision for the most part gave by the court circumstance that salary must be ascertain in type of citizens demonstrated pay satisfaction with fiscal summary inclusion. It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that benefits acquired from offer of partitioned property should be test as referenced in the segment 25 or 26. It is comprehended that the case may require to be estimated where continues from offer of assets because of misfortune that is gained in bargain is quantifiable. The decision was made by the court on issues identifying with circumstance where lost in cultivating exchange prompted the offer of property, that didn't reluctantly demonstrate that obliging offer, transform into quantifiable. It is accordingly noticed that the property should be estimated where the thorough scale will be introduced in concurrence with nature of land simultaneously (Davis et al. 2015). It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that whole changes in charge that it require to be paid by the citizen dependent on the developments of an old property and selling them exclusively on various events. The decision that was given by the court, the court determines that agent from the offer of substance squares are estimated under ordinary salary and accommodation under the heading land region. In this manner, it is important to speak to the comprehension of assets and citizen that are not endorsed from the given business region (Cao et al. 2015). It very well may be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that standard of land doesn't need to be gainful worry that on the off chance that it is bought for money creation reason. The decision that was given by the court discloses on issues identifying with required that was either to sell the land that depends on continues in concurrence with common origination. It uncovers the circumstance when people get assets that makes continues cap need to pay included duty in concurrence with common hypothesis that relies to a great extent upon benefits from the offer of income (Bird and Zolt 2014). It is in this manner required for a person to take a gander at the benefits that are assessable and imbursement of relevant expenses. It tends to be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that prior land was gotten to cultivate exercises for the time range of 2 years where the land is partitioned in various squares at a pay. For including the case, it was even noticed that builds income of the owner. The decision was given by the court on issues identifying with benefit when there is offer of assets till the salary can be handily gotten. It was expressed by the court that the dealings that are utilized for tackling the typical course of exercises that had been built up the land and enlarged efficiency from the benefits of deals (Barkoczy 2017). It very well may be comprehended from the previously mentioned case that people are responsible for changing or in that manner changing over their old house into another house for the explanation of raising the increases from benefits of deals. In any case, the decision was given by the court on a circumstance where citizens award charge on completely associated deal benefits at the hour of offer of new properties subsequent to improving over the old ones. The issue was in regards to the old property that was not yet held freely for the gainful use and increment in benefits from the takings of offer. It is in this manner need to consider the reality when citizens has the expectation to enter appropriately into the business exercises for developing the assets and offering the equivalent to others (Aktaev et al. 2015). Reference List Aktaev, N.E., Bannova, K.A., Balandina, A.S., Dolgih, I.N., Pokrovskaia, N.V., Rumina, U.A., Zhdanova, A.B. also, Akhmadeev, K.N., 2015. Enhancement models for passage into the united gathering of citizens so as to make a compelling assessment system and improve the social, financial advancement of locales in the Russian Federation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 166, pp.30-35. Barkoczy, S., 2017. Establishments of Taxation Law 2017. OUP Catalog. Feathered creature, R.M. what's more, Zolt, E.M., 2014. Redistribution by means of tax collection: the constrained job of the individual annual expense in creating nations. Chronicles of Economics and Finance, 15(2), pp.625-683. Cao, L., Hosking, A., Kouparitsas, M., Mullaly, D., Rimmer, X., Shi, Q., Stark, W. what's more, Wende, S., 2015. Understanding the economy-wide effectiveness and rate of significant Australian expenses. Treasury WP, 1. Davis, A.K., Guenther, D.A., Krull, L.K. what's more, Williams, B.M., 2015. Do socially mindful firms make good on more expenses?. The Accounting Review, 91(1), pp.47-68. Michel, J., 2016. Managerial appointed authority power over the exercises of the duty organization: between the requirement for tax assessment and security of citizens. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu, 53(1), pp.57-66. Pearce, P. what's more, Pinto, D., 2015. An assessment of the case for a clog charge in Australia. Duty Specialist, 18(4), p.146. Insignificant, J.W., Titman, S., Keown, A.J., Martin, P., Martin, J.D. also, Burrow, M., 2015. Money related administration: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU. Richardson, G., Taylor, G. furthermore, Lanis, R., 2013. Determinants of move valuing forcefulness: Empirical proof from Australian firms. Diary of Contemporary Accounting Economics, 9(2), pp.136-150. Richardson, G., Taylor, G. furthermore, Lanis, R., 2013. The effect of leading group of chief oversight attributes on corporate expense forcefulness: An exact investigation. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-64558875282736921602020-08-22T11:35:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:35:32.319-07:0010 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them10 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them You need to pick a vocation that will challenge you and support your qualities, just as satisfying you in the long haul. Be that as it may, an incredible compensation doesnââ¬â¢t harmed either, isn't that so? Look at a couple of these top paying employments and check whether they may be directly for you. Some donââ¬â¢t even expect you to have a higher education! 1. Data Security Architect: $114kThis work requires a lot of understanding and capabilities, however in the event that you can arrange yourself for it, you can bring in incredible cash. Hope to get guaranteed in A+, Net+, and Security+. In the event that you have the hands-on understanding and the aptitude to carry out this responsibility (checking security, working with firewalls, smoothing out procedures and arrangements), at that point you could be all set.2. Frameworks Admin: $83kThe run of the mill average pay for this position is a piece lower, however the more experience you have, the higher up the compensation s cale you will be. Itââ¬â¢s likewise in extraordinary interest. So in the event that you are a star at innovation, this activity may be for you.3. Workmanship Director: $95kAre you excessively skilled and into craftsmanship however individuals continue asking you how you intend to take care of the tabs? Go into workmanship course, making the style and picture of a distribution, dramatic creation, advertisement crusade, even window show! Youââ¬â¢ll should have the option to plan and follow a financial plan, just as lead a group, however on the off chance that you have the ability, preparing, imagination, and the eye, youââ¬â¢ll do great.4. Legal advisor: $130kThis is one of those quickly regarded positions. Nobody will ever give you inconvenience at a mixed drink party again. Youââ¬â¢ll need to go to graduate school and go into a great deal of obligation, however on the off chance that it suits you, youââ¬â¢ll be nearly ensured a serious pay contingent upon your special ization.5. Team lead: $116kYouââ¬â¢ll need to offer a ton to be a project lead, yet once youââ¬â¢re at that level, you wonââ¬â¢t be doing as a great part of the real selling. Rather youââ¬â¢ll be building up domains, defining objectives, and managing a group that does the selling. On the off chance that youââ¬â¢ve got five years of deals understanding added to your repertoire, this may be something you could consider. Itââ¬â¢s great consistent work at great consistent compensation with less travel.6. IT Manager: $125kTechnology is such a necessary piece of todayââ¬â¢s workforce and world. IT Managers are commonly very generously compensated on the grounds that they keep innovation running for the organizations they work at. They are the life saver when things go wrong!7. Business Operations Manager: $119kKeep your organization running-by arranging contracts, recruiting new ability, building and driving groups, and settling on system choices. The development for this field is anticipated to be 7% through 2024. Search for employments on the east coast, in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey.8. Budgetary Manager: $134kOversee the cash in your organization, control the checkbook, make benefit projections, oversee income, and arrange bookkeeping. Itââ¬â¢s a very thorough and profoundly secret position, requiring extraordinary ability with numbers, yet the compensation is verifiably good.9. Showcasing Manager: $116kConduct research and use it to shape an effective promoting effort. Plan aptitudes wonââ¬â¢t hurt you here, and neither will administration and group building abilities. Live in your very own Mad Men for a living.10. Gracefully Chain Manager: $81kThis work will in general lead to high fulfillment and significant salary the top of the line can net you up to $123k. Youââ¬â¢ll need to stir your way up to this position, which will require a great deal of devotion, sweat and time, however especially in the event that you donâ⠬â¢t have a higher education, itââ¬â¢s a fantastic choice. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-77876621469164584902020-08-21T09:17:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:17:37.534-07:00Blog Archive In Other News Case Study Podcasts and the Role of Lying in Leadership Blog Archive In Other News⦠Case Study Podcasts and the Role of Lying in Leadership The business school world is constantly buzzing with change and innovation. Each week, in addition to our regular news posts, we briefly touch on a few notable stories from this dynamic field in one roundup. Here is what caught our eye this week: Harvard Business School (HBS) is taking its famous case study method beyond the classroomâ"this time, in podcast form. The recently launched weekly podcast series Cold Callâ"featuring the schoolâs chief marketing and communications officer, Brian Kenny, as the hostâ"welcomes case study authors to discuss the development and details of their cases. Do liars make good leaders? Definitely, according to a Stanford Graduate School of Business professor. Jeffrey Pfeffer, who teaches organizational behavior at the school, recently released a book titled Leadership BS: Fixing Workplaces and Careers One Truth at a Time, in which he challenges traditional leadership norms. âLeaders donât need to be true to themselves; in fact, being authentic is the opposite of what they should do,â Pfeffer writes, adding that lying could, in fact, be helpful to leaders. Share ThisTweet Harvard University (Harvard Business School) News Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business) Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-3262069642229333452020-05-25T15:54:00.001-07:002020-05-25T15:54:03.320-07:00Business English - Taking a Message Readà the following dialogue between a caller and a receptionistà as they discuss a delayed shipment. Practice the dialogue with a friend so you can feel more confident the next time you leave a message. Theres a comprehension and vocabulary review quiz following the dialogue.à Taking a Message Receptionist: Janson Wine Importers. Good Morning. How can I help you?Caller: Could I speak to Mr Adams, please? Receptionist: Whos calling please?Caller: This is Anna Beare. Receptionist: Sorry, I didnt catch your name.Caller: Anna Beare. Thats B E A R E Receptionist: Thank you. And where are you calling from?Caller: Sun Soaked Vineyards Receptionist: OK Ms Beare. Ill try and put you through. â⬠¦ Im sorry but the lines busy. Would you like to hold?Caller: Oh, thats a shame. This concerns an upcoming shipment and its rather urgent. Receptionist:à He should be free in half an hour. Would you like to call back?Caller: Im afraid Ill be in a meeting.à Could I leave a message? Receptionist: Certainly.Caller: Could you tell Mr Adams that our shipment will be postponed and that the 200 cases ordered should arrive next Monday. Receptionist: Shipment delayed â⬠¦ arriving next Monday.Caller: Yes, and could you ask him to call me back when the shipment arrives? Receptionist: Certainly. Could you give me your number please?Caller: Yes, its 503-589-9087 Receptionist: Thats 503-589-9087Caller: Yes, thats right. Thanks for your help. Goodbye Receptionist: Goodbye. Key Vocabulary to catch a persons name (verb phrase) be able to understand a persons nameto be busy / to be engaged (verb phrase) have other work to do and not able to respond to a telephone callto hold the line (verb phrase) wait on the telephoneà to leave a message (verb phrase) have someone take note of a message for someone elseto be free (verb phrase) have time available to do somethingurgent (adjective) very important needing attention immediatelyshipment (noun) delivery of merchandiseto postpone (verb) put off something to a later date or timeto be delayed (verb phrase) not be able to happen on time, be postponedto call someone back (verb phase) return someones telephone call Taking a Message Comprehension Quiz Check your understanding with this multiple choice comprehension quiz. Check your answers below, as well as practice key expressions from this dialogue.à 1. Who would the caller like to speak to? à The receptionistà Anna Beareà Mr Adams 2. Which company does the caller represent? à Jason Wine Importersà Sun Soaked Vineyardsà Beare consulting 3. Is the caller able to complete her task? à Yes, she speaks with Mr Adams.à No, she hangs up.à No, but she leaves a message. 4. Which information does the caller wish to leave? à That they havent received their shipment yet.à That there is a short delay in the shipment.à That the wine was of poor quality. 5. What other information does the receptionist ask for? à The time of dayà The callers telephone numberà They type of wine shipped Answers Mr AdamsSun Soaked VineyardsNo, but she leaves a message.That there is a short delay in the shipmentThe callers telephone number Vocabulary Check Quiz Good morning. How can I ______ you?Could I ________ to Ms Devon, please?Whos ____________, please?________ is Kevin Trundel.Im sorry, I didnt ____________ your name.Im sorry. Shes ___________. Can I take a ____________?Could you ask her to call me _________?Could I have your ___________, please? Answers helpspeakcallingThiscatchbacknumber Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-24803029172137666532020-05-14T22:11:00.001-07:002020-05-14T22:11:03.683-07:00Thomas Hobbesââ¬â¢S Leviathan, Written In Amid The English Thomas Hobbesââ¬â¢s Leviathan, written in amid the English Civil War, observed the key idea of absolutism. Leviathan is a metaphor for the state, described as an artificial person whose body is made up of all the bodies of its citizens, who are the literal members of the Leviathan body. (D Weber) This is the process of unconditional and unified sovereign authority looking at no collective right of resistance. Hobbes noticed the egoism of individuals motivated by self-interest. He writes upon the topic of political obligation, whereby individuals relinquish natural rights with the exception of the right to self-preservation. Hobbes puts forth the idea of the social contract, a contract between subjects establishing absolute government. Thisâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Here there is the problem of no industry, agriculture, private property or civilisation. Hobbes has found to solve the natural state of mankind. The problem being a state without any morality or justice and permeate d by a constant power struggle. In this form, there is no moral or legal limits. Hobbes, questions life that is reduced to a primitive, violent, cruel and crude level. (Grcic p. 373). The ââ¬Ëstate of natureââ¬â¢ shows the political primacy of society and a sovereign to account for human nature to be in a condition before political society. In such a state, man is appetitive, creates conditions of scarcity, a glory seeking animal, uncertain and fundamentally equal. (P Kelly p. 19-20) Hobbes puts forth human beings as rational creatures with the desire for life and pleasure and questions the ways that they can escape the amoral, lawless and chaotic state of nature (Gricic p. 374). In this step, Hobbes makes known the ââ¬Ëlaws of nature,ââ¬â¢ the moral obligation existing in the state of nature asking ways of prudential reason for preservation, willing to seek peace with others and how we can keep agreements (P. Kelly p. 22). A social construction of humanities ââ¬Ënatural rightââ¬â¢ to ââ¬Ëself-preservation.ââ¬â¢ That natural liberty shows how the problem of the state of nature can be solved through allowing oneââ¬â¢s own enlightened interest. (Gricic p. 374) Hobbesââ¬â¢ hypothesis explains at first, in the state of nature people would lay down their Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-13995765170524199832020-05-06T15:46:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:46:37.301-07:00Lean Teams And Six Sigma - 1546 Words As a management system, six sigma permeates all aspects of an organization. Many of those who have had the opportunity to participate in six sigma projects have experienced the transformation of six sigma principles and concepts into the fabric of the management system of the companies in which they are employed by witnessing improvements that will have continuous, long term influences within the company. This is accomplished by creating alignment within the company leadership. Six sigma offers a way of thinking that facilitates improvement by reducing the amount of variation in each process. Statistical tools are used to provide insight so that management can predetermine process outcomes. It also provides a method to analyze a process to determine areas of possible improvement. Both lean teams and six sigma teams are process improvement teams. Lean teams are directed toward big picture multi-layered projects that involve people from different parts of an organization that may or may not agree upon what the focus should be. The common goal that drives every member of the team is the desire to eliminate time wasting practices along with physical waste. This is understood by all parties involved that any process or action that doesnââ¬â¢t support the need to meet the customerââ¬â¢s specifications for their product or service. The lean project time line has a duration of one to three months and the improvement techniques are not as complicated or invasive as six sigma. Six sigmaShow MoreRelatedPerformance Improvement: Lean or Six Sigma Essay1193 Words à |à 5 PagesPerformance Improvement: Lean or Six Sigma Performance improvement is a constant focus in healthcare today to reduce costs and meet the demands of value-based purchasing and healthcare reform. Healthcare organizations have implemented various performance improvement methodologies to reduce operating expenses while improving quality and patient outcomes (Betka, 2012). Many healthcare organizations have turned to performance improvement methods such as Lean and Six Sigma to manage their costs, productivityRead MoreComparing Lean And Six Sigma Alpha Sigma1640 Words à |à 7 PagesResubmit question 2. Contrast and compare lean and six sigma sigma teams. You may want to consult your Six sigma Sigma textbook (The Six sigma Sigma Black Belt Handbook by McCarty, Daniels, Bremer and]] [Gupta) since it contains extended discussions about these teams. 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Lean Manufacturing and Six-sigma approach has been applied in diverse manufacturing processes which in-turn has contributed significantly in achieving continuous improvements. By utilizing these tools, organizations focus on maximizing their bottom-line successes apart from improving their top-line growth. However, many organizations face difficulties while imparting these tools in their sophisticated business models. 2. Lean Six-sigma Methodology 2.1 Lean Management in Toyota Lean principlesRead MoreBusiness Process and Lean Six Sigma1715 Words à |à 7 PagesKnow What Counts. Measure What Matters. Deliver Results. Lean Six Sigma and the Quest for Continuous Improvement. What if you could make innovation an integral part of your process? No one argues against continuous improvement. The concept of improving results and performance on a continual basis is universally hailed as a great idea. Doing it is another matter. 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It was developed by engineer Bill Smith (while working at Motorola in 1985). Six Sigma sets extremely high objectives, collects data, and analyzes results which reduces defects in products and services Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-32630308282983807102020-05-05T17:59:00.001-07:002020-05-05T17:59:19.289-07:00Determinants of Health Health Behaviours Question: Discuss about theDeterminants of Healthfor Health Behaviours. Answer: Introduction: Since the time of colonisation, the indigenous tribes of Australia comprising of the aboriginals as well as the Torres Strait islander have faced severe discrimination. All over the years, the exploitation had increased and there had been fewer initiatives taken on the basis of humanity to make their lives better. However governments have always tried to provided the best services to them so that they can overcome different barriers and develop healthy living. However, many such imitative have been in vain and had been able to do very little in order to overcome the stigmatisation faced by them. Researchers have come with different determinants that have huge impacts on the lives of the people and how they have been affecting their health living (Decesare et al., 2013). The governmental authorities should look over these data and plan out policies addressing them to make their lives better. Health Behaviours and Lifestyles of the Indigenous Australians: Health behaviours and lifestyles of the indigenous Australians are one of the most important contributing factors that results in poor health condition of the groups of people. Their culture supports the smoking to be an integral part of their tradition. Besides, poor nutrition has been one the factors that have mainly resulted in poor economic condition of the people as well as due to the poor development of education in such people. Beside a trend of being physically inactive is very common among the indigenous people who had thereby made them vulnerable to different diseases like obesity, diabetes and others. Another important habit that often results in poor quality life is the consumption of alcohol at a higher rate and as a regular basis and this is inculcated within their culture. Statistical data suggests that smoking is the most harmful habit that they are harbouring among themselves and therefore their rate is also found to higher than the number of smokers in non-indigenou s Australians. This fact can be supported by the statistical data which suggests that two individuals in every five indigenous Australians aged over 15 are smokers. It also stated that current daily smokers in 2012 to 2013 accounted for about 41% which is indeed a larger position of the population (WHO, 2014). Moreover smoking rate is also found to be higher among indigenous people of the age group 25 to 34 that the same cohort of the non indigenous people. In case of alcohol consumption, it is ground that indigenous people drink alcohol which is 4 times higher than the limit of safety set by the Australian health guidelines. Moreover the National physical activities guidelines for the Australians suggest at lead moderate activity of thirty minutes which needed to be done five days a week. This is in turn believed to reduce the risk of occurrence of cardiovascular disease as well as cancers and type 2 diabetes. However when survey were conducted in the different areas of australi s howed that about 71% of the indigenous people of the age 15 and above that are sedebtery who perform less than 100 minutes of exercise or no exercise at all. Even those who perform exercise reaches to a maximum limit of 100 to 1600 minutes (McCabe et al., 2015). Categorisation showed that the indigenous people mainly be divided according to work levels which included 5% of high kevel, 24% of moderate level, 25% of low level and 46% of sedentary level. Moreover present data also shows that non-indigenous people above the age of 15 are about 1.3 times more likely to be affected than the non-indigenous counterparts in the case of obesity as well as being overweight (Baum and Fischer, 2014). Mainly their improper diet as inactive physical life is the main contributors to their obesity. Racial Discrimination: Racial discrimination or racism can often be defined as the behaviour, attitudes, practices and assumption that results the society to unfairly or negatively generalise about a group of people demarking about what they can or cannot do and this feeling of the society depends entirely on the race (Cunningham and Paradise, 2013). Besides, interpersonal racism, systemic racism is another harsh side of the society that causes individuals as well as groups depending upon a race to effectively exclude them from various social as well as economic opportunities. This ultimately results in limiting them from their capability to get access to different services that also included health services, education as well as employment opportunities. Colonisation had a very harsh impact on the indigenous people and even now people are forcefully removing them from their own country with the help of violence resulting in an altogether impact called the intergenerational trauma (Boyle, 2017). Researcher s have stated that how racism had resulted in developing a range of impact on the mental health of the people. This mental health disorders have included psychological distress, depression as well as anxiety. The people also suffer from high blood pressure and different types of cardiovascular diseases (Spence et al., 2016). Another important effect found as a result of this discrimination is infant low birth weight. Many researchers also directly link the aspect of racism with that of the unhealthy behaviours which include substance abuse, cigarette and alcohol. Psychosocial outcomes often include reduction in their self esteem, reduces self control as well as low self efficacy. They feel that they are being left out and also feel avoided. Both direct and indirect racism makes them feels socially excluded. Reports that have been prepared by the Australians for Native Title and Reconciliation (ANTaR) have stated after a thorough research that about 75% of the Torres Strait islander as well as the Aboriginal people experience racial discrimination when they try to access primary health care. Sequentially it also affects an individuals willingness as well as his abilities to come forward with an open mind and gain access to different types of other services (Ferdinand, Paradies and Kelaner, 2015). Not only that, racism is also found to have different effects on individuals social cohesion and also affect their levels of productivity of workforce and also in education achievement. Moreover such racial discrimination makes them less confident and thereby results in higher rates of absenteeism, lowered productivity as well as overall low overall workplace morale. This in turn results in increased cost of healthcare along with social care costs. Therefore on the ground off humanity and living in a nation that believes in equal rights of every individual ensuring that the racial discrimination against such people is addressed and effective steps are taken to ensure h ealth equality and health equity. Education: Education is now perceived as an integral part of growing up from child to young adulthood and it even stays with an individual until old age. The famous statement proved by researchers over years of study states that higher education levels have greater contribution to that of the health of population and this is measured in terms of the years of formal schooling as well as adult literacy rates (Parker and Milroy, 2014). Reports have suggested that non indigenous people like the aboriginals and the Torres islanders have the trend of receiving much less formal schooling than the non indigenous counterparts (Sprianovic et al., 2014). Cooperative Research Centre for Aboriginal and Tropical Health (CRCATH) had conducted extensive research and had been successful to find out that there exists a education- health well being link hypothesis that mainly acts as the social determinant of health in the indigenous people. Report proposed by the Australian Parliament with the name of the Nation al Report on the Indigenous education and complied by the Australian Bureau of statistics showed that Department of Education and Training and Youth Affairs and the National Centre for Vocational Education Research had mainly divided the education in four important sectors called the preschool education, primary education, junior education as well as senior secondary education (Dandy et al., 2015). The other sector is the vocational education and training and also higher education. They have stated that although certain participation is found in the other sectors but the vocational section of training is very poor with nearly no attendance at all. Moreover this rate is also low in comparison to that of the non indigenous sector. Researchers have also marked that the inequalities in education is much more marked in the junior and secondary education than in the preschool and the primary education. This is however extremely high in the higher education sector. Again the schooling in r emote area is much lesser than other accessible areas of the group. A link that is found with this level of illiteracy is that the individuals with lesser knowledge and low level of literacy have improper childhood development in mental and cognitive factors. This in turn affects their employment life as they are not efficient enough with lesser knowledge and is not recruited in better positions (Eades, 2015). As a result their income remains low. Thus we see income inequality in comparison with non indigenous people ultimately faces depression, frustrations, and various shortfalls in quality lives. As they have poorer education, they have less health literacy and therefore they have no ideas about the proper and safer lifestyles that will help them to live quality life. Poor mother health during pregnancy, ill effects of teenage pregnancy, higher infant mortality rate, lack of nutrition in diet, including of calorie rich diet are all outcomes of improper knowledge. Lack of proper e ducation thereby becomes determinant of health when such occurrences are comparatively low for non-indigenous Australians. Housing: Housing and different health related an infrastructure has a potential role on determining the health of individuals. A large number of aspects often become responsible to determine whether a particular house becomes suitable to live or not. These include proper supply of water which should both only be adequate but should also be safe. It also includes proper access to electricity, sewerage and drainage system and also different rubbish collection. Often the occurrence of indoor pollution and the level of different chemical present within the household also becomes one of the determinant factors for the quality of life (Anderson et al., 2016). However all the above mentioned categories are not properly maintained in the household system of the indigenous people. The physical environment surrounding the households have a very negative impact on the health of the people and is responsible for the occurrence of many infectious diseases mainly due to the absence of functional health har dware and include parasitic diseases which causes diarrhoea diseases as well as rheumatic fever (Melody et al., 2016). Moreover it also causes eye and ear infections, infections of the respiratory tract as well as skin conditions. Like that of the non indigenous people, no potential health development occurred in these communities in the indigenous communities. Indigenous people are found to be suffering from the problems of the overcrowded houses, inadequate sanitation as well as the water supply as well as high housing cost in comparison to their low income (McDonald, Baille and Morris, 2014). Substandard as well as poorly maintained housing along with that of the lack of functioning infrastructure often result in different risks and impact the people in either the direct or indirect ways. The direct effect led to degradation of the quality of the physical health and the direct means included improper water supply, overcrowding and improper washing facilities. From inadequate mate rial conditions, different issues in mental health occurs along with affecting the well being of the households for several social issues. Other indirect means of for poor health are the community and also individual elements like location of their dwellings, overall functioning of the community and most importantly closeness to important services. Overcrowding also leads to conditions like impacts on children, skin infections, mental health issues and also meningitis. Overcrowding provides stress to water supply and sewage disposal systems. Life stressors get increased which leads to community social problems as well as harmful alcohol use (Hotezz, 2014). Consumption of poor water quality leads to typhoid fever, diarrhoea, gastroenteritis as well hepatitits. Moreover diseases like giardiasis and dysentery is also common. Inappropriate disposal of wastes often leads to contamination by rotavirus, Shigella, salmonella, e.coli and others. Flooding and stagnant water in many report are as also destroy quality lives in patient. Conclusion: Government of Australia had initiated a number of initiatives that would help to address the different determinants of health of the indigenous people so that they can lead better quality lives just like their non-indigenous counterparts. Some of the important determinate of health that have huge impact on the lives of such groups are health and lifestyle, housing and accommodation, education as well as the racial discrimination. These factors affect both the metal and physical health of different people extensively. Initiatives taken by the government had not been fruitful enough and in many cases have failed miserable. Therefore the government should ensure that future projects that it conduct would not only maintain health equality but also should make sure that they can experience health equity as well. References: Andersen, M. J., Williamson, A. B., Fernando, P., Redman, S., and Vincent, F. 2016. Theresa housing crisis going on in Sydney for Aboriginal people: focus group accounts of housing and perceived associations with health.BMC public health,16(1), 429. Baum, F., and Fisher, M. 2014. Why behavioural health promotion endures despite its failure to reduce health inequities.Sociology of health and illness,36(2), 213-225. Boyle, P. 2017. Defeat of bid to weaken Racial Discrimination Act a win against racists.Green Left Weekly, (1132), 5. Cunningham, J., and Paradies, Y. C. 2013. Patterns and correlates of self-reported racial discrimination among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults, 200809: analysis of national survey data.International journal for equity in health,12(1), 47. Dandy, J., Durkin, K., Barber, B. L., and Houghton, S. 2015. Academic expectations of Australian students from Aboriginal, Asian and Anglo backgrounds: Perspectives of teachers, Trainee-teachers and students.International Journal of Disability, Development and Education,62(1), 60-82. Di Cesare, M., Khang, Y. H., Asaria, P., Blakely, T., Cowan, M. J., Farzadfar, F., ... and Oum, S. 2013. Inequalities in non-communicable diseases and effective responses.The Lancet,381(9866), 585-597. Eades, S. 2015. Recent Research Addressing Health Inequalities among Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.International Journal of Epidemiology,44(suppl_1), i33-i33. Ferdinand, A. S., Paradies, Y., and Kelaher, M. 2015. Mental health impacts of racial discrimination in Australian culturally and linguistically diverse communities: a cross-sectional survey.BMC public health,15(1), 401. Hotez, P. J. 2014. Aboriginal populations and their neglected tropical diseases.PLoS Negl Trop Dis,8(1), e2286. McCabe, M. P., Mellor, D., Ricciardelli, L. A., Mussap, A. J., and Hallford, D. J. 2015. Ecological model of Australian indigenous mens health.American journal of men's health, 1557988315583086. McDonald, E. L., Bailie, R. S., and Morris, P. S. 2014. Participatory systems approach to health improvement in Australian Aboriginal children.Health promotion international, dau003. Melody, S. M., Bennett, E., Clifford, H. D., Johnston, F. H., Shepherd, C. C. J., Alach, Z., ... and Zosky, G. R. 2016. A cross-sectional survey of environmental health in remote Aboriginal communities in Western Australia.International journal of environmental health research,26(5-6), 525-535. Parker, R., and Milroy, H. 2014. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health: an overview.Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice. 2nd ed. Canberra: Department of The Prime Minister and Cabinet, 25-38. Spence, N. D., Wells, S., Graham, K., and George, J. 2016. Racial discrimination, cultural resilience, and stress.The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,61(5), 298-307. Sprianovic, C., Clare, J., Bartels, L., Clare, M., and Clare, B. 2014. Aboriginal young people in the children's court of Western Australia: Findings from the national assessment of Australian children's courts.UW Austl. L. Rev.,38, 86. World Health Organization. 2014.Global status report on alcohol and health 2014. World Health Organization. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-25977360715280243732020-04-11T09:07:00.001-07:002020-04-11T09:07:02.592-07:00Leadership Analysis Summary The motor vehicle industry in the US has experienced several challenges in the last decade. Several car manufactures in the US have experienced a reduction in revenues due to increased competition in the market. One of the most remarkable leaders in the industry has been Allan Mulally, the President and CEO of Ford Motor Company.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Analysis Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He became the President of the company in 2006 after serving as President of Boeing for several years. He is a qualified aero-nautical engineer and a trained manager. Mulally is a member of several aero- nautical professional associations because of his involvement in the aviation industry. He spent more than 30 years at Boeing, where he served as the firmââ¬â¢s President. He has sat on several boards of aviation associations which made him ideal for the leadership role at Ford Motor Company. The media industry has experienced a lot of changes in the past three decades. Television broadcasting and advertising have had a remarkable influence on many commercial trends across the world. In the US, cable television broadcasting has grown to become a a large industry with various competing firms. These broadcasting firms have their own specialty content which they provide to subscribing viewers. The advertising industry has also developed to become a large industry because of the effect of billboards and other forms of outdoor advertising. One person who is recognized for his role in developing broadcast media in the US, is Ted Turner. Turner is credited with contributing positively to the growth of cable television and outdoor advertising in the country. As a leader, he is keen on trends that change the industry and this can be seen in the way he transformed CNN, TCM, TNT and Cartoon Network. Alan Mulally has initiated several changes in the organizational culture of Ford, a fter becoming CEO in 2006. When he became CEO, the firm was on the verge of being declared bankrupt and had recorded a loss of more than 12 billion dollars, which it had never experienced before. The firm was not able to compete against European and Japanese car manufacturers, which were producing better car models at a lower cost.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This problem was also faced by other US car makers because they lacked a competitive advantage in the car market. His background in management helped him to change the way the firm conducted its processes and this improved its performance in the market. He changed the organizational culture in the company which had been severely affected by disunity and internal wrangles among several unit managers. Mulally was able to unite his workers to a common purpose, which made them more dedicated to their duties. The media i ndustry is dominated by several joint conglomerates which have stakes in different television, radio and print companies. This has made some savvy businessmen to increase their influence in the media industry, which has made several media companies across the world to become more powerful. One of the most influential media owners in the world is Ted Turner. Turner is a media mogul who owns CNN, TCM, TNT and Cartoon Network. He is also a recognized philanthropist who participates in various charitable events. Turner has uses his influence to bond with employees in several locations, which has made them have positive attitudes to work. He has managed to exhibit visionary leadership skills which have set him apart from other leaders in the industry. Mulallyââ¬â¢s transformational leadership helped Ford register positive performance in the market. Mulally created a new vision for the company which helped to improve its competitiveness in the market. The firmââ¬â¢s employees suppor ted this new vision which helped the firm to benefit from new innovative work practices. This increased the value proposition of Ford car models in the market. This is because the firmââ¬â¢s research and development teams were given the autonomy to use their own creativity to come up with compelling vehicle designs. Mulally managed to increase the competitiveness of Fordââ¬â¢s models in the market, which was dominated by low cost cars manufactured in Asia and Europe. Fordââ¬â¢s employees were able to produce innovative car models which have more powerful engines and consume smaller amounts of fuel. This approach has made it possible for the company to raise its profile in the market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Analysis Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ted Turner is a leader who shapes trends in the market. He was able to start billboard advertising in the 1960ââ¬â¢s, an idea t hat brought him a lot of profits. He was able to predict that more viewers were interested in cable television in the early 1980ââ¬â¢s. Turner has always been involved in all major decisions which are made by his managers. This has made it easy for him to influence employees to have positive attitudes to work. He does not conform to normal industry practices but sets his own standards, which have helped him to be successful in business. He shares with his employees what he wants them to achieve, which makes them set personal goals whenever they perform different tasks. This essay on Leadership Analysis Summary was written and submitted by user Jordan Rivers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-75103379294009544002020-03-10T05:04:00.001-07:002020-03-10T05:04:03.255-07:00Free Essays on ShackingWithin in the past years, the number of unmarried couples living together has increased dramatically. There are, however, some people who still disagree with ââ¬Å"shackingâ⬠, claiming that it is inappropriate and irresponsible, as well as simply distasteful. These opinions are out-dated and irrational. Living with oneââ¬â¢s partner before being wed is far from being immoral. If anything, it is one very good way to determine if the marriage will work. As in any relationship, time is of the essence and with each day there is another lessoned learned. One thing that should be learned about oneââ¬â¢s partner is the way that he or she lives. This cannot be completely understood until the two persons in the relationship share living quarters with each other. There should be a time in every courtship that is dedicated to the experience of learning each otherââ¬â¢s living habits because without that time, there are likely to be many problems within the home that could have been alleviated before marriage. You can only learn another person through time and patience and it canââ¬â¢t be disputed that it is better to learn as much as you can about the person you intend to spend the rest of your life with before that time officially begins. Many people are disgraced by the dramatic rise in the divorce rate, however, if people would spend more time dating one another, learning about their partners, and experiencing as much as possibl e with their m! ates before the wedding day them some of the problems that lead to divorce, such as incompatibility, would not be such an factor. When unmarried couples live together, it allows those persons involved to learn and grow together as a unit. It is imperative to the success of any relationship that the involved persons honor and respect each other as individuals and cherish the unity between them. Living together is a perfect way to strengthen both these aspects of a successful relationship. Many people, when ... Free Essays on Shacking Free Essays on Shacking Within in the past years, the number of unmarried couples living together has increased dramatically. There are, however, some people who still disagree with ââ¬Å"shackingâ⬠, claiming that it is inappropriate and irresponsible, as well as simply distasteful. These opinions are out-dated and irrational. Living with oneââ¬â¢s partner before being wed is far from being immoral. If anything, it is one very good way to determine if the marriage will work. As in any relationship, time is of the essence and with each day there is another lessoned learned. One thing that should be learned about oneââ¬â¢s partner is the way that he or she lives. This cannot be completely understood until the two persons in the relationship share living quarters with each other. There should be a time in every courtship that is dedicated to the experience of learning each otherââ¬â¢s living habits because without that time, there are likely to be many problems within the home that could have been alleviated before marriage. You can only learn another person through time and patience and it canââ¬â¢t be disputed that it is better to learn as much as you can about the person you intend to spend the rest of your life with before that time officially begins. Many people are disgraced by the dramatic rise in the divorce rate, however, if people would spend more time dating one another, learning about their partners, and experiencing as much as possibl e with their m! ates before the wedding day them some of the problems that lead to divorce, such as incompatibility, would not be such an factor. When unmarried couples live together, it allows those persons involved to learn and grow together as a unit. It is imperative to the success of any relationship that the involved persons honor and respect each other as individuals and cherish the unity between them. Living together is a perfect way to strengthen both these aspects of a successful relationship. Many people, when ... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-33540231184057880012020-02-22T19:28:00.001-08:002020-02-22T19:28:02.974-08:00How Healthcare Strategies differ from other business Strategies Research PaperHow Healthcare Strategies differ from other business Strategies - Research Paper Example lthcare strategies aim at ensuring excellent treatment services to the patients while business strategies aim at maximizing profits and minimizing losses. The main purpose of this research paper is to outline how health care strategies differ from other business strategies (Moseley 23). In health care, which is different from other business strategies, the business days as usual have ended. Around the globe, almost every healthcare facility is putting efforts to cope with the rising cost and irregular treatment quality in spite of the well-intentioned and trained cliniciansââ¬â¢ hard work. Health care facility managers and policy makers have attempted numerous incremental fixes, reducing errors, attacking fraud, trying to make patients better ââ¬Å"customersâ⬠, establishing electronic medical data records, and enforcing medical practice guidelines but none of these measures have had much effect (Moseley 24). The scope of this paper is the management and planning of strategy in certain industries, those that associates with the financing and delivery of health care services in the United States. The term health care in its broad sense includes managed care organization, small group practices, large group practices, academic physician academic, health maintenance organizations, and independent and solo physician practices among others (Moseley 25). Heath care also involves Health plans, Health insurance companies, Community hospitals, Specialty hospitals, Teaching hospitals, Community Health centers, and Multi-specialty group practices. The companies associated with Health care strategy are pharmaceutical companies, DME manufacturers, regulatory public health agencies, biomedical and biotechnological companies, public health financing agencies (CMS), Veterans Health Administration (VHA), and state public health departments. Heath care takes into account all these industries for disburseme nts approaching a fifth of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the United Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-86853740780328014392020-02-06T12:16:00.001-08:002020-02-06T12:16:02.848-08:00Wireless Network System for an IT Training Centre EssayWireless Network System for an IT Training Centre - Essay Example This information is then transmitted through the air with the help of a transmitter and received at the other end through a receiver and demodulated. Since both transmission and reception of the signals have to be carried out at the same point, therefore a device known as an ââ¬ËAccess Pointââ¬â¢ (AP) is used which is a simple transmitter/receiver or transceiver. By assigning different frequencies to different users many users can access the network simultaneously without interfering. As is evident, the access to a wireless network can be gained only if the users are having devices which have a wireless facility. These devices such as notebook computers and tablet PCââ¬â¢s are widely available in the market and their prices have fallen by large amounts in recent times making them affordable. à Depending on the designing technology used WLANââ¬â¢s are mainly of three types. ââ¬ËNarrowband wireless LANââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢, ââ¬ËSpread Spectrum wireless LANââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËInfrared wireless LANââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢. Narrowband WLANââ¬â¢s, as is understood from the name, use the narrowband signal for communication. Therefore the speeds achieved are low in this case but the problem of interference is greatly reduced as is the case with narrowband signals. The problem of low speeds is solved by the Spread Spectrum WLANââ¬â¢s which use wideband signals. The drawback of this technology is that the number of users accessing an access point is lesser and the security is also weaker than Narrowband WLANââ¬â¢s. However, in spite of these drawbacks, it is the most widely used technology. The infrared WLANââ¬â¢s donââ¬â¢t find many uses as the speeds as well as the range, in this case, is very low. Infrared WLANââ¬â¢s are used only when the devices and access points are placed close to each other and when they are in the line of sight. The requirement of devices to be in the line of sight is because RF signals cannot pass through opaque objects. à Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-79436534566127307432020-01-28T20:27:00.001-08:002020-01-28T20:27:02.579-08:00Means End Chain Model Relating to Samsung Essay Example for Free Means End Chain Model Relating to Samsung Essay Samsung Electronics Relating to the Means End Chain Model Means End chain Model explores the connection between consumer and product through the construction of a simple associative network between concrete and abstract product attributes, functional and psychosocial consequences linked with product use and finally consumersââ¬â¢ instrumental and terminal values. Product Attributes expresses the impressions or characteristics of a product or service. Concrete attributes refer to the physical characteristics. They have a tangible reality where the consumer can experience directly. Abstract Attributes are non material product characteristics that are intangible and cannot be experienced directly by the consumer. When coming to a purchase decision of Samsung Electronics people first go for the impression, that is the concrete attributes like: Easy touch system Simple and Lighter Products Range of Versions Etcâ⬠¦ Then comes to the Abstract Attributes like: User Friendly Performance Value for Money After sale services Etcâ⬠¦ Consequences are outcomes or the benefits that the consumer can have when the product is purchased. Functional consequences are the tangible outcomes of a product that the consumers usually experience directly and immediately. Psychosocial consequences refer to the knowledge about the psychological and social outcomes of product use. After the purchase of Samsung Electronics the consumer will experience that the product has the following features: Bright Color with realistic images Good Quality Easy to install Etcâ⬠¦ Then the consumer will experience the psychosocial consequences such as: Satisfaction Entertainment Moved out to the latest trends Etcâ⬠¦ Values are peopleââ¬â¢s broad life goals. They also involve the effects associated with such goals and needs. Instrumental Values are preferred modes of conduct or ways of behaving Terminal Values are preferred state of being or broad psychological status. The instrumental values of a consumer after the purchase of Samsung Electronics are: Status Standing out from a crowd Good Choice Etcâ⬠¦ The instrumental values of a consumer after the purchase of Samsung Electronics are: Happiness Peace in Mind because of the best selection Etcâ⬠¦ Means End Chain is a unique marketing technique to understand and deliver on consumer behavior. WHY? A simple question coupled with some intelligent probing can accomplish a pool of beneficial information that the marketers can use to target anywhere from an entire demographics or to a particular segment. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-71835567988358584362020-01-20T16:50:00.001-08:002020-01-20T16:50:03.352-08:00Elephant Man Essay -- essays research papers Ashley Montagu tells John Merrick’s unusual story in the book that studies human dignity, The Elephant Man. The Elephant Man, an intriguing book that captures the heart of the spirit, is the story of a simple, yet unfortunate, man. It causes one to think about life’s precious gifts and how often they are taken for granted. As the sad and unique story of John Merrick, “the elephant man,'; unfolds, all are taught a lesson about strength and courage. à à à à à When Sir Frederick Treeves first discovered John Merrick in 1884, he could only be described as, “a huddled mass of loneliness';(14). Merrick had a horrible disease called elephantiasis. This extreme misfortune caused Merrick to be lame and his appearance to be that of a monster. With his skull the size of his waist and large quantities of skin growing randomly all over his body, no one wanted to befriend John Merrick. Everywhere he went screams of horror and looks of disgust greeted him. As a young child, his mother passed away leaving him a homeless orphan. So, because of his hideous looks, being displayed as half-man and half-elephant at a freak-show became normal. His life consisted of torment and torture for the next twenty years of his life, until Sir Frederick Treeves asked him to come and be studied at the London hospital. Soon, Treeves arranged with the head of the hospital for Merrick to live in an extra room at the hospital. After twenty years of lon... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-92173183905450038702020-01-12T13:14:00.001-08:002020-01-12T13:14:06.996-08:00Experiencing a New Country: France EssayIn this short essay, I chose a country I traveled to that opened my eyes to different cultures. France is a country full of diversity and a place I would feel honored to return to, in hopes of learning more from the culture they have to offer. Traveling to France I expected to be entranced by the grand architecture and art that had contributed to history, I was mistaken. I found the heart and soul of the nation in the people. I realized, after much travel, that it is the people and their culture continually that amaze me. After exploring France, I discovered the invigoration of hearing a dissimilar language and learning how to adapt to the new environment. While some travelers carried the pride of their nation, I found it invigorating to assimilate into my new surroundings. In order to accomplish this, I decided to learn French in hopes that continual study of common practices would allow me to live the life of a Frenchmen. Upon arrival I found it easy to adopt the concept of public transportation, and each metro ride became more satisfying as I met varying people of varying nations. I then adjusted my eating schedules and found a taste for French cuisine. With this, I commenced greeting my fellow Frenchmen with, ââ¬Å"Bonjour monsieur! â⬠I was determined to not leave as a stereotypical tourist. I made it my goal to experience the nooks and crannies far from tourist France that is so often portrayed. That is when I found myself sitting in a local brasserie sipping ââ¬Å"une lemonadeâ⬠and thinking this is one adventure of a lifetime. Now being back in Texas, I hope to embark in my next adventure, to be apart of Colgate Univesity, an institution rich with culture and diversity that produces diplomats of the world. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-64296263015497923172020-01-04T09:38:00.001-08:002020-01-04T09:38:03.146-08:00The Rise Of The Nazi War - 931 Words When the Hitler came into power in 1933, the future of minority groups looked grim. The Nazis first eliminated majority of the Gypsies and Jewish population, but these werenââ¬â¢t the only groups. Touting to create an utopia consisting only of the pure German blood, the Nazis began to exploit other groups such as the homosexuals, and the disabled. These groups were mass murdered. Unlike them, the ââ¬Å"asocialsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"habitual criminalsâ⬠, Afro-Germans and foreign workers were not mass murdered but intimidated to the extent that some habitual criminals self mutilated and some foreign workers were hanged. There were many similarities and differences in the maltreatment of these groups. Nazis wanted a purified German blood nation, so how and why did these minorities came to live in Germany? After World War I, Germany was left without hopes. The Weimar Republic tried to better the economy with its progressive ideals, but it was not successful. Thereafter, the stock market crashed in 1929. This devastating event not only inflicted pain in the United States, but in other countries and unemployment rose throughout many Western nations. Moreover, The treaty of Versailles condemning Germany of causing the first World War, required Germany to pay a large sum of gold marks in reparations. Theses events led to the rise of Hitler, and an increase in the numbers of vagrants, thieves, prostitutes on the streets, who became known as the ââ¬Å"asocialsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"habitual criminals.â⬠Nazis defined theShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Nazi Germany Was The Capstone Of The Inter-War1158 Words à |à 5 Pages The rise of Nazi Germany was the capstone of the inter-war period, and led to the outbreak of World War II, shattering the tenuous peace. The Nazi regime s progress was paralleled by the life of its leader, Adolf Hitler. Born in a small town in Austria, Hitler dreamed of being an artist. Unable to demonstrate sufficient artistic skill for entrance into the art academy in Vienna, he did odd jobs and developed an interest in politics. In 1914, Hitler joined the German army, and earned the iron crossRead MoreA Brief Note On Nazis And The Environment1023 Words à |à 5 PagesCourtney Morrison War Environment Professor Yan Gao 2 December 2015 Nazis and the Environment The Nazi party in Germany left behind a legacy of atrocities that included racism, anti-Semitism, and genocide. The appeal of the Nazis relied on problems in Germany following the aftermath of World War I. They examined the different problems Germany faced and the different aspects of their political beliefs, one in particular being their environmental outlook. The Nazi party drew substantial support withRead MoreThe Causes Of World War Two. On June, 28 1919, The Treaty763 Words à |à 4 PagesWorld War Two On June, 28 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty coupled with other factors, such as the Nazis rise to power in Germany, Europeââ¬â¢s policy of appeasement, and Germanyââ¬â¢s invasion of Poland would lead to - and be direct causes of - World War II. In fact, when French military commander Marshal Foch heard of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, her observed with extreme accuracy - ââ¬Å"This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for 20 years.â⬠(Churchill, 7) World War I officiallyRead MorePutzier 1. Tessa Putzier. Ms. Jeanne Bitz . Language Arts.1293 Words à |à 6 PagesWorld War Two On June, 28 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty coupled with other factors, such as the Nazis rise to power in Germany, Europeââ¬â¢s policy of appeasement, and Germanyââ¬â¢s invasion of Poland would lead to - and be direct causes of - World War II. In fact, when French military commander Marshal Foch heard of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, her observed with extreme accuracy - ââ¬Å"This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for 20 years.â⬠(Churchill, 7) World War I officiallyRead MoreSpeerââ¬â¢s Rise in the Nazi Party Essay953 Words à |à 4 PagesSpeerââ¬â¢s Rise in the Nazi Party Albert Speer rose from a mere architect to be one of the most influential Nazi leaders of the Third Reich, and self-admittedly Hitlerââ¬â¢s closest friend. As a young, struggling architect Speer joined the Nazi Party as a ââ¬ËSeptemberlingââ¬â¢, and subsequently began to design many of the displays and structures that succeeded in promoting the Fuhrer Myth. Within the NSDAP Speer progressed to the position of Minister for Armaments and War ProductionRead MoreGermans Into Nazis by Peter Fritzsche Essay791 Words à |à 4 Pages ââ¬ËGermanââ¬â¢s Into Nazisââ¬â¢ by Peter Fritzsche 1) Germany before the Fuhrer. Germanyââ¬â¢s defeat at the end of World War I left the nation socially, politically, and economically shattered. The reparation agreements inflicted upon Germany without itsââ¬â¢ consent at the end of the war meant that the nation was in complete financial ruin. In the wake of Germanyââ¬â¢s defeat, public decent climaxed on the 9th November 1918 during the revolution that took place on Berlinââ¬â¢s Postdamer PlatzRead MoreReasons Why Nazis Came to Power in 19331712 Words à |à 7 PagesReasons Why Nazis Came to Power in 1933 There are several factors that enabled the Nazi party, with Hitler as its leader, was able to come to power in Germany in 1933. There are 5 main reasons involved history, economics, politics and the personality of Hitler. The main political events occurred in 1923 and 1933. The Treaty of Versailles was one of the most important causes that led to Hitlers rise in Germany. From the German point of view the treaty was incrediblyRead MorePolitical Factors That Influenced People Into Voting Nazi1676 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"THE RISE OF FASCISM IN GERMANY (1919-1939) ONLY RESULTED IN HARDSHIP FOR THE GERMAN PEOPLE.â⬠- ANALYTICAL HISTORICAL ESSAY Introduction: The time of 1919 to 1939 was a specific post war period after the great depression where certain right-wing parties dominated indoctrinating their fascist and nationalistic ideals on the German people. The rise of fascism in Germany 1919 ââ¬â 1939, not only resulted in hardship but also in prosperity for some Germans. The topics that will be addressed and discussedRead MorePresident Hindenburg s Influence On The Rise Of Power1354 Words à |à 6 PagesHindenburg was one of many contributing factors to Hitlerââ¬â¢s rise to power. Power is the capacity or ability to direct or influence the behaviour of others or the course of events. President Hindenburg passed on a role in government to Hitler, but Hindenburg took the risk and didnââ¬â¢t know what he was in for. The argument produced is about the importance of President Hindenburgââ¬â¢s actions, what effect the Great Depression made on Hitlerââ¬â¢s rise to power and the long term resentment about the Treaty ofRead Mo reThe Nazi Regime959 Words à |à 4 PagesThe rise of the Nazi regime in Germany in the early part of the 20th century was an impressive, and nearly unforeseen incident that had long-lasting implications on the rest of the Western world. While the Nazi party was extreme in their ideologies, the circumstances in which they came to power were dire; Germany had been crippled by a massive depression and was being forced to pay reparations through the ââ¬Å"Young Planâ⬠which required Germany to pay the Allied forces ââ¬Å"a series of annual payments extending Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-26480738565360996882019-12-27T06:04:00.001-08:002019-12-27T06:04:02.688-08:00Whistleblowers Compared to Edward Snowden - 691 Words Many have drawn comparisons between Edward Snowden and other whistleblowers, and I have heard a few refer to him as ââ¬Å"the Daniel Ellsberg of this century.â⬠Snowden is responsible for revealing to the general public the acts of the National Surveillance Association (NSA) that many citizens felt was a violation of their individual privacy rights. Two questions arise from this contemporary issue. First, is the violation of privacy rights a form of state violence? Second, is living in the United States a form of consent? There are easy answers to these questions: yes the violation of privacy rights is a form of state violence, but the simple act of being a United States citizen is gives the government consent to collect oneââ¬â¢s information. How is the invasion of privacy an act of violence? Violence has many definitions, but it can be understood as a force that ââ¬Å"â⬠¦forcibly interfer[es] with personal freedom.â⬠In this case, if people have the personal fre edom to maintain a certain level of privacy, then NSA data collection is surely inflicting violence upon people by infringing upon these rights. However, according to Max Weber, the state (and thus the United States government) is a political organization that has the monopoly of the legitimate use of violence. Maximilien Robespierre builds on these ideas and maintains that terror (or violence) is a necessary component that every government employs in order to maintain order and ensure the survival of the Republic. We live aShow MoreRelatedEdmund Burkes Reflections on the Revolution in France and John Stuart Mills On Liberty1277 Words à |à 6 Pagesfrom both Edmund Burkeââ¬â¢s Reflections on the Revolution in France and John Stuart Millââ¬â¢s On Liberty. In comparing these two philosophers, I will be paralleling their ideas and my own ideas I will be attributing them towards the modern day whistleblower, Edward Snowden. Political figures, government representatives and philosophy advocates have carefully studied Burkeââ¬â¢s and Millââ¬â¢s writings over hundreds of years to better understand their theories on g overnmental control in a society. One of, if notRead MoreEdward Snowden and The Government Data Collection Program1439 Words à |à 6 PagesLon Snowden, as well as others have compared Edward Snowden to ââ¬Å"Paul Revereâ⬠and have called him a ââ¬Å"Heroâ⬠while others vilify him (Gidda 3). Technically what he has done is a crime, yet many people rally to his defence. ââ¬Å"There is every reason to believe the federal government has been collecting every bit of information about every Americanââ¬â¢s phone callsâ⬠(Hertzberg 2). Through Edward Snowdenââ¬â¢s actions we have learned of the governments data collecting program: Prism. This has provoked the publicRead More Whistleblowers: Are They Heroes or Traitors? Essay1524 Words à |à 7 Pagesflaws, give the knowledge, empower the people, and count on them to make collective decisions on how to deal with these issues. Whistleblowers are intriguing. They grip the crowdââ¬â¢s attention through the risky and dangerous oddities they perform. They make sure people understand the real situation in which they are in. Ordinary citizens are drawn to whistleblowers because they are willing to put their life on the line for the ââ¬Å"common goodâ⬠, like people are enchanted by superheroes. This relationshipRead More Edward Snowden and Wikileaks744 Words à |à 3 Pagesthat this was not just to monitor the activities of suspected terrorists. In 2013 when Edward Snowden released data that proved that the NSA was using their surveillance on everyone it turned speculation into fact and fears of this were brought to the surface. In the summer of 2013 one of the biggest leaks of classified documents was carried out by a man named Edward Snowden (E. McAskill) . Edward Snowden worked as an sysamin (System Administrator) for a security company that did contract workRead MoreLegal Ethics ( Lgls445 )4088 Words à |à 17 Pages Legal Ethics (LGLS445) Krish Kothari A.Boggio 05/10/15 Edward Snowden Case It is with no doubt that the issue surrounding whether or not Edward Snowden is a traitor or a patriot raises a heated debate. His whistleblowing afforded him both foes and friends with opponents of his action blaming him by labeling him a traitor, as he went against the employment contract when he spied on his employer and aired the dirty linen of the company in the public. That is open to debateRead MoreThe, Big Brother Is Watching1274 Words à |à 6 Pagessame. However there are apps being developed that allow for more privacy. In Evan Spiegel and Bobby Murphyââ¬â¢s interview with Stephen Colbert, they discuss how their smart phone app, Snapchat, promotes ââ¬Å"natural and expressive human communicationâ⬠. Compared to websites like Facebook, or Twitter, where communication is limited to 140 characters, Iââ¬â¢d agree that it encourages a more real sense of human connection. Spiegel and Murphy also address the point of how their app has more privacy than other mediaRead MoreOnline Privacy : Open Link1428 Words à |à 6 Pagesto steal classified information, take control over systems for their own intentions, or solely to cause as much harm and disorder as possible. When I think of hacking I immediately think of the whistleblower Edward Snowden and the actions that led to his current state of asylum in Russia. Snowden compared the National Security Agency (NSA) and its surveillance to a panopticon. He was very much against the NSA withholding information from the public, so he took it upon himself to leak many documentsRead MoreThe Tor And Its Relevance Today : The Implications For Digital Privacy Essay1773 Words à |à 8 Pagesdecrypts enough of the packet wrapper to reveal which relay the data came from and which relay to send the data to. This middle relay then wraps the data in a new packet wrapper and sends it onto the next relay. The layers of packet wrappers being compared to the layers of an onion are the namesake of onion routing. It didnââ¬â¢t take long for the United States government to realize that the World Wide Web, launched in 1991, would be an extremely valuable tool for their government intelligence agenciesRead MoreIs Information Sensitive Information Exchange For Services?1355 Words à |à 6 Pagesgiving up what is known as sensitive information exchange for services. Unfortunately, these same people are not aware of the consequences that follow. A study from 2015 hypothesizes that, ââ¬Å"Adolescents will report less concern regarding their privacy compared to young adults and adultsâ⬠, showing that our society is moving towards a point where our future generation does not hold value to their privacy (Steign 301). As a direct result, average individuals who are engaged with the Internet are tailoredRead MoreGermany : A Great History Of Free Trade1735 Words à |à 7 Pagescompanies compared to the U.S. In the article A Comparison of the Financial Characteristics of U.S. and German Manufac turing Firms the authors state that the U.S. has greater financial possibilities as their manufactures has ââ¬Å"higher liquidity, lower debt, higher profitability, and lower total asset turnoverâ⬠(Folkinshteyn). The financial comparison between the U.S. and German manufacturing companies can be a tool when looking at international trade. When the financial structure is compared one can Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-61502977334378631442019-12-19T01:53:00.001-08:002019-12-19T01:53:03.063-08:00The Fall Of The Berlin Wall - 1346 Words In 1989, one event occupied the spotlight around the world. The Berlin Wall, which for twenty-eight years had separated families and friends came down as thousands of people began crossing Bornholmer Bridge in northern Berlin. NBCââ¬â¢s Tom Brokaw could be seen on television throughout the United States saying, ââ¬Å"A historic moment tonight. The Berlin Wall can no longer contain the East German people. Thousands pouring across at the Bronholmer bridgeâ⬠(Dodds, 2014). This single event changed many things in Europe and around the world. The fall of the Berlin Wall that night, which was the ultimate symbol of the Cold War, was a major turning point in the collapse of communism leading to the unification of East and West Germany and was influenced by political leaders from both the Soviet Union and the United States. The fall of the wall affected the Communist world and eventually led to the collapse of the Soviet Union allowing countries under their control to become i ndependent and free. Sixteen years after the end of World War II, the countries that fought on the allies side began clinging to the left overs of Nazi Germany. The victors of World War II, The United States, The United Kingdom, France and the Soviet Union divided Germany into four sectors. The U.S.A, England and France were all democratic, capitalist countries, while the Soviet Union was a communist country. While the capitalist countries all shared common believes and ideas, the Soviet Union wanted nothing toShow MoreRelatedThe Fall Of The Berlin Wall Essay1717 Words à |à 7 Pages The Fall of the Berlin Wall Berlin Marcelin Chattahoochee Technical College The Berlin Wall is a historical symbol of the Cold War and the fall of the Berlin Wall is a symbol of the end of the Cold War. And also, the Berlin Wall played a great role in the life of millions of people and defined the fate of German people, which put them apart by the Wall for a long period of time. Sixteen yearsRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall666 Words à |à 3 Pagesââ¬Å"The fall of the Berlin Wall is very much a sequel, a continuation of the story about Eastern Europe emerging from war and communism. The nation of presenting history as a story also appealed to me very much, since that is the way I look at the events I cover as a reporter. -Serge Schmemann The Berlin Wall was a symbol of division between two different political beliefs and two different ways of life. The population during this time was about 3.4 million. This started the Cold War andRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall757 Words à |à 3 Pages The Fall of the Berlin The Berlin wall is a very significant point within history. It began quickly after World War II; Berlin was separated and conquered into four different zones. Each part was owned by Great Britian, France, the United States, or the Soviet Union. Eventually three of these zones (owned by the United States, Great Britain, and France) combined to become West Germany. The Soviet Union hastily followed after these three zones but instead became East Germany. The difference betweenRead MoreThe Fall Of The Berlin Wall1517 Words à |à 7 Pagesexperience of the Fall of the Berlin Wall. The main factor in the collapse of the wall was the never ending fight of the individuals who had fallen under the communist state. Most of these individuals came together and fought in order to achieve their goal of a non-communist state and German unification. The Cold War was the conflict between the Eastern bloc (Communist) against the Western Bloc (Capitalist), the separation between them began to be known as the Iron Curtain. The Berlin Wall was physicalRead MoreThe Fall Of The Berlin Wall1889 Words à |à 8 PagesThe fall of the Berlin Wall was one of the most influential events of the Cold War. After losing the election is 1945, Winston Churchill gave a very prophetic speech about the ââ¬Å"Iron Curtainâ⬠forming in Germany. Sixteen years later, barbed wire stretched across Germany creating the beginning of the Berlin Wall. Later reinforced w ith concrete, the Berlin Wallââ¬â¢s purpose was to stop the migration of the East Germans to West Germany. The Berlin Wall also served as a symbol of the beginning of the ColdRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall2221 Words à |à 9 PagesThe Fall of the Berlin Wall For twenty-eight years, the Berlin Wall separated friends, families, and a nation. Between 1961 and 1989, the Wall was one of the most striking and distinctive features of Berlin. The Berlin Wall was a border security installation built by the German Democratic Republic (GDR) on August 12, 1961. The Wall was to protect the GDR from aggressive acts by the west. In reality, the Wall functioned as a barrier to stem the huge migration of skilled laborers to West Berlin andRead MoreThe Fall Of The Berlin Wall2245 Words à |à 9 Pagesdrastically and completely changed. This month marked the beginning of the two-year demolition of the ââ¬Å"Iron Curtainâ⬠that descended across the continent and the thawing of the Cold War that waged between the worldââ¬â¢s two rival superpowers. The fall of the Berlin Wall not only marked the reunification of Germany after 28 years but, also, the reunification of all of Europe after almost three entire, long decades. Out of the nine original c ountries that comprised the Eastern bloc and were effectively separatedRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall1382 Words à |à 6 PagesGermany (Holzner, World Book, 264). Although this solution seemed pragmatic at the time, a vicious philosophical war between the capitalistic West Germany and the communistic East Germany led to one of the most important events in history: The Berlin Wall. Communism is a method of societal and political order that was a key force in world politics for most of the 20th century. In theory, it would generate a classless culture of wealth and free will. As a movement, communalism desired to conquerRead MoreRise And Fall Of The Berlin Wall1834 Words à |à 8 PagesHeather Kilar HIST 3135 Knecht Spring 2016 Research Paper Rise and Fall of The Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall was a barrier that divided Berlin for more than twenty years. Constructed by the German Democratic Republic the wall completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany starting in August 1961 to November of 1989. The wall gave West Germany the power of controlling itââ¬â¢s people who were trying to flee to East Germany and under itââ¬â¢s rule people began to see the repressions of theRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall and the Disintegration of the Soviet Union964 Words à |à 4 Pagescollapse. The inevitable collapse of communism led to the fall of the Berlin Wall; this started the domino effect of freedom that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union. On Sunday, August 13th, in 1962 the Eastern German government began construction of the Berlin Wall (ââ¬Å"Berlin Wallâ⬠). The Berlin Wall was built to divide the post World War II communist ran East Germany with the democratic West Germany. On that day families in Berlin were awaken to military machinery, barbed wire coils, and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-71215732649568595172019-12-10T22:34:00.001-08:002019-12-10T22:34:04.060-08:00Analysis of Fianancial Statements Question: Discuss about theAnalysis of Fianancial Statements. Answer: Introduction: As the management of the company was eager to know about the performance of the company. The company is earning good profit but still the main purpose of the report is to advice the management on the steps which it can take for further improvement For advising the company we will make analysis of the profit of the company by seeing the gross profit and net Profit ratio. We will also do some sales analysis. Report on Profitability of the Company: The Profit earning capacity of the company is very good because if the company is earning good Gross Profit of and Net Profit. Approx. 50% Net profit ratio would be very good for any industry. These figures show that the companys product is of superior quality because of which the NP margin is 50% . It means customers are ready to pay higher price for the product just because of the quality because customers can also but similar products for another market but quality would not match. For more clarity, Lets calculate the following profitability ratios: Gross Profit ratio: This ratio defines the gross margin of the company. In other words Sales- Cost of Sales. The formula for the same is Gross Profit/ Net sales: 47290/74450= 63.52% Net Profit ratio: This ratio defines the Net profit earning capacity of the company. This can be calculated with formula Net Profit/ Net Sales: 36790/74450= 49.42%. We can also see that the expenses of the company are also very less which is on the one hand good but for larger companies it is not good. Company should try to expand its business by increasing the sales, with this proportionate expenses will also increase but not in the same proportion as sales will increase. Comments: The company s earning good profit but it should not be satisfied with this earning because sales figure is lower. There would be many opportunities to increase the sales. So, it should try to increase the sales and also the profit of the company. Recommendations for Increasing the Profitability: The company can add variety to the products if the already products which company is manufacturing are already fully established in the market because with the addition of the new products the company can enter new markets through it can increase its sales and also the profits. The company can also train their sales team on periodical intervals and train them about new technological techniques of sales. With this if the sales team are updated with the technology they can grasp the timely opportunities. The company can increase the production of the products with the introduction of new machines, if the company is not having installed capacity. Initially there will be outflow of cash but later on company will earn higher profits and can cover up the cost in few years. Following are the Reports which can be Introduced to Improve the Efficiency of the Company: 1 Cash Flow statement: This statement shows the Funds movement of the company. The company will be able to know regularly whether the company is generating the cash flow from operating, investing, financing activities or using cash flow from above activities. 2 Daily production reports with variance, if any: The management should see t the daily production reports from production department and most importantly the variance if any generated from the report and the same should be carried forward to the next day. 3. Budgets of every department: Company should along with the departmental heads frame the budgets of every department. Then after every month the management should compare the actual results with the budgets prepared. After comparing with the budgets the management should analyse the variance/ favorable conditions and discuss the same for reasons with the departmental heads. References: Selling Power, 10 Tips to improve your sales performance, viewed on 16th Aug, 2016, https://www.sellingpower.com/content/article/?a=10089/10-tips-to-improve-your-sales-performance. Brain Tracy, 14 proven Strategies to increase sales of your product, viewed on 16th Aug, 2016https://www.briantracy.com/blog/sales-success/proven-strategies-to-increase-sales-of-your-product/. Entrepreneur India, 10 ways to improve Profiability, viewed on 16th Aug, https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/184240. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-45689342098618299192019-12-03T10:16:00.001-08:002019-12-03T10:16:03.814-08:00What Role Do Chinese Civil Society Organisations Play free essay sample What role do Chinese civil society organisations (CSO) play? Please answer this question with reference to at least three different Chinese CSOs. Chinese civil society organisations (CSOs) are non-governmental, non-profitable community based schemes who aim to tackle and address the social problems afflicting The Peopleââ¬â¢s Republic of China, with the majority of their efforts based in the rural areas of the country. These organisations can range from small groups of a few people to groups exceeding a million people (Wang 2009). Their emergence and development have arisen by a combination of Government and market failure to deliver an adequate social service to it is citizens, but more importantly a ââ¬Å"broadened social base. â⬠The growing active participation of citizens within the public sphere and public affairs (Wang 2009). Within China, CSOs vary considerable in regards to their size, area, scope and nature however they all possess the same four basic civic functions, resource mobilization, public services, social governance and policy advocacy (Wang 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on What Role Do Chinese Civil Society Organisations Play? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These functions tackle economic, social and environmental problems and aim to enact change within these sectors. Examples of common injustices include income deprivation, unemployment, inadequate access to health care and education, discriminatory labour conditions and practises, gender inequality and environmental degradation. This essay shall analyse the role CSOs play in China, and use examples of such organisations to evaluate their impact. Socially, Chinese CSOs have a fundamental role to play within the Peopleââ¬â¢s Republic of China. They effectively tackle the main social issues afflicting the majority of the population which include problems such as access to education and health, gender inequality and inadequate social welfare. For example China Youth Development Foundation, established at the end of the 20th Century is a mass organisation under the Communist Youth League. The organisation mobilizes funds raised locally and internationally to help youth education and social welfare. An illustration of its success is ââ¬Å"Project Hopeâ⬠, a project aimed and ensuring children of rural areas gain access to formal education. By the end of 2005 the initiative had built ââ¬Å"12,559 primary schools and 200 Internet Schoolsâ⬠in poor rural areas (Edward, 2005). Furthermore it trained over 30,000 village primary school teachers and developed over 13,000 Hope library kits. Such a drive has helped over two million children from poor families receive their basic nine years of education. The CSO further rewarded Chinaââ¬â¢s rural youth by establishing a reward fund to support the top ranked students in further studies. The organisation also attempts to better Chinaââ¬â¢s youthââ¬â¢s knowledge of health, and in particular HIV and Aids via its ââ¬Å"Action Red Ribbon. â⬠It is a programme to increase HIV/Aids awareness amongst children in badly affected areas. Its eventual goal is to increase awareness in these areas by over 70% over the coming years (China Youth Development, 2004). The organisation is mainly funded by cash and in-kind contributions from major corporations such as Motorola and Nokia, which were paramount to it raising $7. million and made $7 million in grants in 2002 (Edward, 2005). China Family Planning Association further targets adolescents, as a means to bring about change within rural areas. They like the CYD, educate adolescents on the risks of HIV/Aids, and ensure they are aware of their sexual and reproductive rights, thus empowering them to make informed decisions. They also attempt to aid females, and in particular attempt to reduce the number of unsafe abortions by recognising a womanââ¬â¢s right to a safe abortion and providing the required services. A further NGO which helps impoverished women is the Cultural Development Center for Rural Woman, a non-profit organisation which promotes the legal and social rights and opportunities of rural woman in China. It launched a monthly magazine called ââ¬Å"Rural Women Magazineâ⬠which offered advice to its readers on rights and services available legally to woman. The revenue from the sales of this magazine has been used by the NGO to fund their research and activism. In addition the group has also established a training centre which offers women courses in practical skills such as computing, sewing and hairdressing but also gender awareness classes. However though these examples may illustrate that socially, CSOs play an important role, (mobilising resources, mainly manpower, money and training, and delivering an improved public service in the form of health care and education), their influence is in reality restricted because of a number of challenges. Initially many organisations including the aforementioned China Youth Development Foundation have been dogged with rumours of corruption (Edward, 2005). Though cleared of financial improprieties by the Central Commission of Discipline Inspection (Xin Dingding, 2004), Yong and Ran (2004) argue that ââ¬Å"questions remain about the effectiveness and commitment of the CCDI itself. As a result Chinese donors became sceptical of fully supporting such organisations for purposes of poverty reduction, and social improvement (Edward, 2005). Economically, CSOs in China play an important role and tend to concentrate their efforts in rural areas of the country, due to their high tendency of income inequality, wage discrimination and poor working conditions amongst its residents. Their efforts stem from the Governmentââ¬â¢s failure to protect rural workers economic rights, and develop rural areas economically. The Amity Foundation set up in the mid 1980ââ¬â¢s as a sub group under the Chinese Protestant Association, concentrates its efforts on field based rural poverty projects. For example in 2002, its ââ¬Å"integrated rural development projectâ⬠, this spanned six provinces and helped over one hundred thousand citizens. The project funded mainly by western aid sought to increase rural household economic sustainability via farming and livestock training, watershed management and microcredit for women. The charity raises its funds from private donations in major Chinese cities such as Nanjing, and offers donors the option of donating their gifts to specific issues or projects (Amity Foundation, 2004). However it could be argued that overall CSOs play a small role economically within Chinese Society due to the restrictive practises by the ruling communist party, combined with their strict legal laws. These included the need to ââ¬Å"register with a sponsoring state agency that would oversee and be responsible for the organizations activitiesâ⬠(Edward, 2005). Another restrictive policy was the banning of ââ¬Å"similar organizationsâ⬠co-existing at the various administrative levels, for example prohibiting the presence of two national trade unions. This results in reducing the number of registered non-profit organisations and keeps their operating number low (Du, 2003). In addition the policy of microcredit (the lending of small amounts of money to individuals with no collateral) which has shown signs of being very successful is inhibited by Government action. Initially, rates of lending are set externally by the Peopleââ¬â¢s Bank of China so fail to allow for flexibility for NGOs to choose a level which facilitates their expansion. This is combined with the Government prohibiting the charitable organisations from collecting pools of borrower savings and payments. Such collections can be used as a ââ¬Å"revolving fundâ⬠to increase clients and guarantee present borrowers have a real stake in the project (Du, 2003). Such a policy is thus counterproductive as it prevents CSOs from mobilising ââ¬Å"new resources to strengthen and expand their rural lending activitiesâ⬠(Wu, 2001). Environmentally the role played by CSOs such as the Yunnan PRA Network (established In 1993) is key to nature and agricultural conservation amidst Chinaââ¬â¢s rapid economic growth (Edward, 2005). Itââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Participatory Rapid Appraisal Networkâ⬠promotes the use of sustainable techniques and planning in potentially environmentally damaging projects. For example the organisation has trained village leaders in citizen participation and decision making (World Bank, 2002). Environmental CSOs importance have been increased by the growing trend of foreign companies to work alongside them with new projects within China to aim to reduce pollution and promote greater awareness of environmental damage (Du, 2003). In conclusion CSOs number and importance in China has increased mainly to tackle the issue of rural poverty. Each deploys specific strategies, financed by various sources to reach their target sector, social, economic or environmental. Their role collectively and individually is a prerequisite and growing within Chines society due to the failure of the Government to provide an adequate social service to the whole population. However their ultimate impact is, and will continue to be limited due to the main constraints on them, including rigid government management policies and corruption. However there is potential for the eventual establishment of the precedent of government officials working alongside CSOs productively to effectively respond to the issues within the civil society, mainly rural poverty. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-71060857548071529852019-11-27T13:48:00.001-08:002019-11-27T13:48:04.514-08:00Midterm Exam free essay sample Utopian Stories After reading the short stories thought this semester, I have found that many of the Utopian stories are thematically the same. A Utopian story is a short story or novel in which someone pays the cost for perfection in society. There are three short stories that are most thematically alike those are: The Lottery by Shirley Jackson in 1948; The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K. Le Guin in 1975; and Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. in 1961. I have chosen these three stories because someone pays the cost in each of these stories and the results in each of them are the same. The elements of plot, characterizations, settings and symbols of each of these stories are alike. The story The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is about village who stones a villager, old or young, once a year, for good crops and harvest. This person is chosen by a draw from a box. We will write a custom essay sample on Midterm Exam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As in the lottery, the short story entitled The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K Le Guin is about a community that isolates and eglects a child for a perfect community and in Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. he community is restrained by handicaps so that everyone can be equally perfect. All of these stories plots have the one person that is tortured or killed for everyone elses happiness. Someone has to die or be neglected for perfection, they become sacrifices and not willingly. They are chosen unfairly or are held back of their gifts. The characterizations in each of these stories are simply innocent. None of the main characters had a choice and if they rebelled they were still put to death. In The Lottery Mrs. Hutchinson seems to be a normal mother and a great wife. She was doing as women in that time should have done, and she was late because she was doing the dishes. She was innocent. In The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas a young boy is neglected and frowned upon as a sacrifice. It is not said that this boy had done anything to deserve this, or that he was chosen because of his behavior. He was innocent and very young, most likely pure. In Harrison Bergeron both the mother and father were a normal family however the father had to wear a handicap to make im less intelligent and Harrison was a normal boy that was smart and talented however he disagreed and paid a cost. I believe that all the characters were treated unfairly. They all seemed to be nice and normal. The settings and Symbols of each of the stories are in a small village or community. A smaller community is easier to control and persuade. I think that the symbols are similar they are all restraints in a way or isolation. Stones were used in the lottery and when thinking of a stone I think of something cold and hard and very uncomfortable. In the Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas they used a basement to keep the boy in. When thinking of a basement I think of a dark cold place also very hard and uncomfortable. In Harrison Bergeron they used handicaps that were probably uncomfortable and the loud sounds in their all very uncomfortable. In conclusion I believe that these three stories were all thematically alike. The Lottery, The Ones Who Walk away from Omelas, and Harrison Bergeron were all great stories and I would recommend them to anyone who would like to read a utopian story. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-90991900017551798042019-11-23T21:22:00.001-08:002019-11-23T21:22:03.159-08:00Insufficient information in research topic Essay ExampleInsufficient information in research topic Essay Example Insufficient information in research topic Paper Insufficient information in research topic Paper When you obtain an order branded write my research paper what is your first reaction? The most prudent thing to do is to contact the customer. You need more information to be able to process their request. You need to know if write my research paper is an open research paper in terms of the choice of the thesis statement or whether the customer erroneously omitted this information. The customer needs to explain if there are special instructions in terms of formatting, reference styles or restriction on the age of the reference materials. The customer needs to state when they expect to receive the draft paper and subsequently the final paper. You need to enter into an agreement with the customer on the charges, the means of payment as well as when the payment is due. How long should be the paper and what does the customer really expect to be captured in terms of the content? They need to let you know the level of writing for which the paper relates. Is it an undergraduate paper or is it a PhD dissertation. This will also help you decide on the personnel who will handle the order. It is more than clear that write my research paper is an insufficient information in research topic which doesnt allow the writer to proceed with assignment and start writing. You have no topic to write on and no knowledge of what is expected of you. You have no bench mark in terms of customer expectations against which to assess your progress. Gather as much information as possible and ensure you are at par with the customer in terms of what they expect of the final product. You need also to exchange contacts to ensure you keep in touch for consultation and reporting on progress. Until all these issues are ironed out, do not proceed to writing. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-90715657753003162002019-11-21T05:52:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:52:09.138-08:00Australian Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsAustralian Company Law - Essay Example Tom and Adam are in a partnership business even though no written agreement has been made. Partnership business can be established through written partnership deed, orally or by estoppels through the actions of the partners1. Rule 6 (3) of the Partnership Act is mainly used by the courts in determining the existence of the partnership relationship. This rule provides that sharing of the profits and losses is enough evidence of existence of a partnership. Joint ownership of property or sharing of the gross returns does not necessary create a partnership association. According to the case of Smith v. Anderson (1880), partnership business must intent to carry on business and not domestic transactions since the repletion or continuity of business transactions will be evidence of a partnership business2. Adam and Tom must be aware that every partner other than in limited partnerships, or incorporated limited partnerships can act as an agent of the business and his actions are binding to t he business.. Partnership business is not regarded as a separate legal entity thus third parties will be contracting with the partners as individual agents of the business. In the case of Mercantile Credit Ltd v. Garrod (1962), the courts held that partners have the capacity to bind the firm and third parties must not have the knowledge that such partner lacks the authority to transact on behalf of the business3. There are numerous advantages and disadvantages of Tom and Adam conducting their business as a partnership. The main advantages of a partnership business include the ease of formation. Partnership formation does not require many legal formalities but only business registration and business permits. Partnerships offer certain tax incentives since each partner share of profits is added to his or other sources of income and taxed as personal incomes. Partnership business allows for flexibility since the partners can easily alter the partnership deed that contains the rights an d obligations of each partner, the profit and loss sharing ratios and liability of each partner depending on the nature of the partnership. Partners can access 50% CGT discount since they hold an interest in each business asset as an individual. The partners also share losses, decision making and responsibilities of running the business. However, Tom and Adam must also understand the disadvantages of partnership form of business since partners are jointly and severally liable for the liabilities of the business. Partnership business lacks continuity since dissolution can be occasioned by the death of the partner, or disagreements of the partners, bankruptcy of a partner, and retirement. It is difficult to transfer the ownership of the partnership business and partners have unlimited liability for the debts of the business. Since Tom and Adam have the intention of expanding their Winery business, I would advice them to form a limited company since their liability will be limited and their business will be a separate legal entity that can incur debts, sue or be sued. A limited company will allow them easy access to expansion capital. Tom and Adam will be able to easily transfer their ownership in the company through sale of their shares to third parties. Limited Liability Company will allow Tom and Adam to limit their tax liabilities since the company is taxed on its own entity. However, there are many legal formalities and strict regulations that guide the registration and operations of Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-14945981365480267712019-11-20T04:54:00.001-08:002019-11-20T04:54:02.940-08:00Homeostasis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsHomeostasis - Essay Example As body needs to respond to any disturbance in the internal milieu very quickly therefore initial response of the body is a reflex response usually takes place through peripheral controlling systems, especially nervous system. Failure of homeostasis causes diseases disease and sometimes death. Major systems controlling homeostasis in the body are nervous system and endocrine system. These systems have got their own specific characteristics which make them integral components which help maintain homeostasis: There are some physiological set points related to various systems in the body. Whenever there is disturbance to these set points body responds to this change and tries to bring the situation back to normal. This reversal of disturbance or change is necessary to keep an individual healthy and alive. Some of these conditions or parameters are: Central nervous system (CNS), autonomic nervous system (ANS) and endocrine systems work together to maintain these parameters within normal limits. Any change in the set points is detected and recognized by these systems and efficiently maintained by these systems with the help of feedback system. ... 6. Adrenal medulla: adrenaline - adaptation to stress; 7. Pancreas: insulin - regulation of blood glucose level. Physiological set points There are some physiological set points related to various systems in the body. Whenever there is disturbance to these set points body responds to this change and tries to bring the situation back to normal. This reversal of disturbance or change is necessary to keep an individual healthy and alive. Some of these conditions or parameters are: Body temperature: regulated close to 37 C Blood pH: kept at 7.4 Arterial blood pressure: maintained around 120/80 mm Hg Maintenance of blood glucose level Maintenance of fluids and salts, osmoregulation Central nervous system (CNS), autonomic nervous system (ANS) and endocrine systems work together to maintain these parameters within normal limits. Any change in the set points is detected and recognized by these systems and efficiently maintained by these systems with the help of feedback system. Initially, most of the time, nervous control takes this initiative of maintaining homeostasis o short term basis; afterwards, endocrine system takes the responsibility of responding change in the internal milieu. Homeostatic system functions following the "feedback mechanisms". Although, negative feedback system is utilized most of the time but in a limited number of situations positive feedback also gets itself involved (Wikipedia 2007; Biology Online). All feedback systems work in a systematic and well organized way, the major components of a feedback systems are: Sensors; Signal transmitters; Control center and Effectors. Sensors are directly involved in the situation, which disturb the internal environment of the body they relay signals to the central Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-83818072159827381142019-11-17T17:24:00.001-08:002019-11-17T17:24:03.544-08:00Scientific Management â⬠Frederick Taylor Essay Example for Free Scientific Management ââ¬â Frederick Taylor Essay Abstract Frederic Taylor was one of the pioneers of management theory. His work was a product of the Industrial Revolution and the strict societal views and class structures of that day. Although scientific management is often criticized today, its key principles are still applicable in many areas of work and life. Scientific Management- Fredrick Taylor Employee management techniques and procedures are central to the effectiveness of a business. Every business must find a way to complete the tasks necessary for it to provide its goods and services to the marketplace. Because a business is unable to act unless all of its employees, from interns to the chief executive officer, act as a single team to achieve the goals the business has established, it is essential for a business to determine how it can affect these employees to have them produce the results the business needs. Today many management techniques and theories tend to center on the personality or character of employees and how best to affect people based on their psychology or personalities. For example, some theories center on the motivations that can drive a person to take action, others on how persons react to different management styles. Management theories today recognize that employees are a key part of a company and that management theories are not just about controlling employees. Management theories must consider how to motivate and encourage workers to perform their jobs. Management theories, however, must also consider the value of employees and that employees have different personalities and goals. There also is an understanding that there cannot be one management theory that works on all employees equally, on all types of businesses, or for all managers all of the time. The differences in setting, work, employer, manager, and employee must all be considered today. The most effective management theories of today are not meant to apply to all situations. Their developers understand that different situations and people require differentà methods and techniques because today society understands that all people have individual needs and offer different potential. At the time of the industrial revolution, however, there was a belief that laborers and managers were different classes of people. The thought was that people should be treated differently based on their social status. Management techniques were not concerned with ââ¬Å"whoâ⬠an employe e was. Instead, management techniques were more concerned with assuring managers had order and control over employees, similar to the way a parent has over a child. While the goal was the same as it is today, to achieve company goals, the belief was that labor had no role to play other than to follow orders. There was no thought or expectation that a laborer could have any knowledge or character that the employer may benefit from. At that time it was the role of management to train or convert a person into what the company needed. When management though of employee or labor training, what it thought about was not training that would benefit the person the employee was. Instead, training was thought to be geared to improving the production of the employee for the benefit of the employee (Berdayes). The management style that was developed in this society, which remains one whose principles are still relevant today, was ââ¬Å"Scientific Managementâ⬠. It was a style geared to determining the best methods management could require employees to follow so that work was done most efficiently and productively (Berdayes). In fact, Taylor once indicated that managers/employer had to understand that: It is only when we fully realize that our duty, as well as our opportunity, lies in systematically cooperating to train and to make this competent man, instead of in hunting for a man whom someone else has trained, that we shall be on the road to national efficiency. This statement clearly indicates the view that any man could be trained to simply follow a procedure and that would lead to great results. However, to fully understand scientific management it is important to understand the mind of the man from whom it originated: Frederick Winslow Taylor (Roper). Frederick Winslow Taylor was a member of the middle or upper middle classes of his time (Guru). He was born in 1856 into a family of Quakers, who believed in ââ¬Å"plain living,â⬠(Guru). His father was an attorney and Taylor graduated with a degree in industrial engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in New Jersey (Guru). As can be expected, based on this resume, Taylor was a part of management. In fact, while he worked his way through school, his jobs were those of a skilled worker, not a laborer (Guru). He worked in a metal products factory as a machinist where he eventually became a foreman (Guru). Then, he was promoted into the role of a research director and ââ¬Å"finally achieved the position of chief engineer.â⬠(Guru). The fact that Taylor was born into a family headed by an attorney and his ability to attend college, even though he worked, seems to attest to the fact that he was from the higher classes of the time. Student loans and programs by the government were not available at the time to assure that students could afford an education if their families were unable to pay for them. Taylorââ¬â¢s jobs, although he worked as a machinist for years, also indicate that he was never a laborer on an assembly line or a member of that class of workers that was lowest in the society of the time. Taylorââ¬â¢s views, therefore, can be seen to more closely aligned to those of managers and employers than to labor. A personââ¬â¢s view point is greatly shaped by their upbringing and life experiences. Taylorââ¬â¢s life is almost empty of any contact with, or connection to, an average laborer. Taylorââ¬â¢s father was very successful as an attorney. Taylor spent his early teen years in private schoo ls in France and Germany (Stearns). He then attended the famous Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire and was set to attend Harvard University Law School (Stearns). Society at the time of Taylorââ¬â¢s life was very different from the democratic and accepting society of today. Those who lived in Taylorââ¬â¢s circles did not associate or interact with those in the lower classes (Stearns). People were expected to be born in a certain class and die in that class. People obtained the education expected for their class members to have, they worked in jobs their class was expected to obtain, and they were presumed to have intelligence, feelings, and thoughts which their ââ¬Å"classâ⬠was stereotyped as having (Stearns). Taylor is often perceived as looking ââ¬Å"downâ⬠on the lower classes and the laborers of his day (Schachter). This was the era of the Industrial Revolution, where people were being looked at by employers and those who were building the American industrial complex, as machines (Stearns). Just as a motorââ¬â¢s part can be replaced, employers thought of employees are interchangeable parts of the machinery of the assembly line (Stearns). Indeed, there are severalà documented instances where Taylor speaks of workers as lacking in intelligence or being lazy in their work (Schachter). In particular, there is one instance in which he observes a German bricklayer doing his job and describes him as lazy and unintelligent due to the way he performs his work (Schachter). However, in reality this ââ¬Å"simpleâ⬠man, was not only working full time as a bricklayer, but had also managed to purchase a parcel of land and was in the process of building his own home, on which he would work after his normal twelve hour day was over (Schachter). This was the stereotypical view of laborers, that they had no purpose, role, or life, nor could they benefit society in any other way than as labor, or a part of the ââ¬Å"industrial machineâ⬠. In fact, it is this view of so much of humanity as being nothing more than parts of a large industrial machine that people such as Max Weber began to look at the way in which society was devaluing humanity (SJSUIE). It is interesting, however, that while Weberââ¬â¢s management theories were meant to humanize production, in the areas of sociology, his theory of management was one that also can be seen as evolving out of a fixed view of class and social structure. Weberââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"ideal bureaucracyâ⬠formulated a system of management in which a firm hierarchy was put in place (SJSUIE). Through this system all involved were to firmly know and understand their responsibilities and duties (SJSUIE). Another system of ââ¬Å"rulesâ⬠for the new industrial complexes that were developing came from Henri Fayol (Holmblad). Fayolââ¬â¢s work went beyond that of Weber to provide more guidance for management as to their roles (Holmblad). Fayol established the five principle roles of management at this time: to forecast and plan; to organize; to command; to coordinate; and to control (Holmblad). Both of Weberââ¬â¢s and Fayolââ¬â¢s theories are interesting concerned only with the structure of management or the role of those in management (Holmblad). The viewpoint taken by both of these theories is that the important part of management is the managers and labor merely has to follow their managersââ¬â¢ orders. This is perfectly in li ne with the view taken of labor at the time period. It is in this society that the theory of scientific management developed. Taylor was convinced that efficiency and productivity could be obtained through the use of study of motion and the use of that work to develop efficient production methods (Wrege). As Taylor argued, the techniques of science, so respected in society, could be applied to laborà (Salvendy). This would permit the discovery of the most productive means of building a product or completing a process in the production of that product (Salvendy). Taylor believed people needed to be observed to understand the movements involved in their work (Salvendy; Wrege). These individual movements then could be further broken down to help identify the procedures necessary to accomplish them (Salvendy). In the end, Taylor would develop a production method, similar to the way machines are now designed, that would produce the most units in the least amount of time (Berdayes; Guru). Workers were instructed on exactly how to accomplish a task and were not to deviate from the procedures designed by Taylor ( Salvendy). Taylorââ¬â¢s scientific management was a great success during Taylorââ¬â¢s lifetime (Schacter). Because the term ââ¬Å"scientificâ⬠was associated with the work, and as Taylor devised human body diagrams to ââ¬Å"proveâ⬠how its movements were the most efficient, the theory gained great respect and generated great debate (Berdayes). One commentator argued that scientific management was a process in which ââ¬Å"the personââ¬â¢s activity is thereby reduced to repeating a fractional operation at the tempo of the machine. At the extreme of this approach the person is simply subsumed as one more mechanized component of production with precisely specifiable fuel, cooling, and other operational requirements,â⬠(Berdayes). Throughout the study the laborer in scientific management was reduced to a laboratory animal that was observed in its environment and after the study was reduced to a machine part in how they were required to work. The method was not loved by all or praised by all, regardless of its success. Interestingly, however, unlike Weber or Fayol, Taylor f ocused his improvements for the industrial complex at the level of the labor pool, not that of management. His theory appealed to management because it provided clear cut order and direction for workers, but it was based on the need to have workers follow a certain order. This too meant the theory worked on a principle of hierarchy, in which management controlled, but at least Taylor saw that labor also played a role in production. It has been said that Taylorââ¬â¢s methods were driven only for the benefit of management, but Taylor did not feel this way (Schachter). There is some evidence that Taylorââ¬â¢s deep devotion to labor studies and motions to find the most efficient work process may have been a way to help keep management from taking advantage of workers (Schachter). During the industrial revolutionà managers would pay many laborers by the piece, say at a rate of $0.02 per nut or bolt produced (Schachter). Often, to earn more, workers would quickly develop faster means of production (Schachter). When that happened, however, management would then change the piece rate they paid because, they told their workers, their fast rate of production meant the work was too simple and should not be so highly paid (Schachter). Taylor may have wanted to keep management honest and felt that by developing a clear work process management could not harm labor for efficiency improvements (Schachter). If this view point is correct, then Taylorââ¬â¢s scientific management may have been a way to help labor (Schacter). He may have believed that through scientific management labor would have a proven way to show management that they were acting as best as they could, hence avoiding any arbitrary actions by managers (Schacter). Taylorââ¬â¢s insistence on the use of written instructions, training, and incentive payments to workers can also be said to signify his belief in the fact that scientific management was a benefit to both employees and management (Guru). Unfortunately, however, that is not how Taylorââ¬â¢s work is remembered today, even though his work is still a part of current management studies (Wagner). Even as the Twentieth Century dawned people were disdainful of Taylorââ¬â¢s scientific management (Roper). The theory was believed to be too dehumanizing (Roper). However, scientific managementââ¬â¢s worker efficiency and work processes were still valued, but th ere was a demand for theories that also involved human relations (Roper). For the first time consideration was given to humans who worked at all levels in a company or firm. Workers were looked at as ââ¬Å"sentientâ⬠beings, not just as ââ¬Å"toolsâ⬠who were part of an industrial machine. Finally, it seems, management and workers were viewed as mutual participants in work and the managerial process. This was the main problem with scientific management, and the reason for its disfavor as the Twentieth Century continued (Roper). Society also changed and labor itself placed demand on management and wanted to participate in how their work was to be structured and performed (Roper). In fact, scientific management was once so looked down upon that it was considered a form of slavery (Roper). Detractors argued that management was supposed to be more concerned with the humanity of the people who were being managed than with management needs or desires to ââ¬Å"slave driveâ⬠people into production (Roper). Some argued that ità would be better t o motivate and encourage workers to product through the establishment of more humanitarian wages, working conditions, work hours, and job security (Roper). This is one of the times when there were a great number of people convinced of the need for a communist revolution and it was often workers, who suffered the worst working and living conditions society had to offer, even through the First World War, that championed such movements (Roper). The theory of scientific management, as society developed, has been strongly disfavored (Wagner). As society moved away from the conditions that existed during the industrial revolution and left behind the strict beliefs in social class and a personââ¬â¢s proper place in society, the belief that labor had to be ââ¬Å"instructedâ⬠into how to perform each minute step of their jobs was seen as insulting (Roper). The view that the lowest level employee would not understand how best to accomplish a task, and that, indeed, there was only ââ¬Å"one best wayâ⬠to perform a task, was discredited (Roper). However, parts of scientific management are still recognized for the work Taylor completed in the principle of efficiency (Taylor). Seen as a social philosophy, instead of a management theory, scientific management does have application, at the personal level, to everyone who needs to complete a task, from a baker to a zoologist (Roper). Scientific management can be viewed as an early introduction of the principle of efficiency in labor and society. The idea that through thought and observation a person could perform regular tasks faster and more easily remains a very important part of work and life in our busy world. References Berdayes, V. (2002). Traditional Management Theory as Panoptic Discourse: Language and the Constitution of Somatic Flows. Culture and Organization, Vol. 8(1), pp. 35ââ¬â49. Guros on Managing People. (NA). Fredrick Winslow Taylor: (1856-1915). Kerns, D. (2008). History of Management Theory. San Jose State University Industrial Engineering, SJSU ISE. 250. Retrieved September 23, 2008, from http://www.kernsanalysis.com/sjsu/ise250/history.doc Holmblad, K. (2008). Some effects of Fayolism. International Studies of Management Organization, Spring 2008, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 30 ââ¬â 49. Roper, M. (2001). Masculinity and the Biographical Meanings of Management Theory: Lyndall Urwick and the Making of Scientific Management in Inter-war Britain. Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 8, No. 2, April 2001. Salvendy, G. (2004). Classification of Human Motions. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomic Science, Marchââ¬âApril 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 169ââ¬â178. Schachter, H. L. (1989). Frederick Taylor and the Public Administration Community: A Reevaluation. (Albany: State University of New York Press). Stearns, P.N. (2007). The Industrial Revolution in World History, Third Edition. New York: Westview Press). Wagner, T.S. (2007). An Institutional Economic Reconstruction of Scientific Management: on the Lost Theoretical Logic of Taylorism. Emerald Management Review, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 105 ââ¬â 118. Wrege, C.D. (2008). F.W. Taylors Lecture on Management, June 4, 1907: an Introduction. Journal of Management History, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 209 ââ¬â 213. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5693100904024267290.post-49753797872006098322019-11-15T05:55:00.001-08:002019-11-15T05:55:03.143-08:00Difficulties discussing patient sexual healthDifficulties discussing patient sexual health Hesitancy In Taking History From A Female Client Sexuality assessment and counseling are part of the nurseââ¬â¢s professional role, but only few nurses integrate this awareness into practice in a proper way. Getting a sexual history is an inbuilt piece of the client meeting, however, numerous health care professionals neglect to address this subject with their clients. This could be credited to distress that numerous healthcare professionals may have with the subject (Shukla, Yourchock Coutcher, 2013). During my community rotation of reproductive health at Salimabad colony, the family I was assigned to was a 4 membered family living in 2 adjacent apartments with 4 bedrooms. Only one lady was at home with whom I conducted my interview. She was the mother of 3 daughters. I started with the general components of history, such as information about their family members, their education, and their health status etc. She was responding to my questions in a decent manner without any hesitation. After that I asked the client about the problems related to her reproductive health. Her reply was pretty awkward. She replied that I donââ¬â¢t know how to explain it to you because you are a male student. I felt very uncomfortable with her reply that I didnââ¬â¢t even try to intervene in between and explore more about her concerns. At the time of the incident I felt terrible and disregarded. I found the response of the client very bizarre. I also felt helpless because at that time I was not able to figure out that what I should say to the client to make her comfortable. In the wake of confronting the dismissal from the patient, numerous questions popped into my brain. First and foremost, what made the client so uncomfortable? After all I told her that the information wonââ¬â¢t be disclosed to an irrelevant person. Secondly, why did I hesitate to intervene to make the client comfortable? Moreover, why didnââ¬â¢t the client realize that I was there to help her? If sheââ¬â¢d tell me about her problems than I couldââ¬â¢ve guided her about the solutions. I reflected and analyzed the possible causes because of which the incident occurred. According to Magnan, Reynolds Galvin (2005), various hindrances exist to consolidating thought of patient sexuality into nursing practice, including individual, institutional, patient-related variables and Personal elements, for example, nursesââ¬â¢ attitudes about sexuality and sexual behavior. There are a lot of barriers concerning poor healthcare like, social, religious, cultural and economic. Among these socio-cultural is the most crucial. In a developing country like Pakistan, the culture and religion have more significance than any other aspect of life. According to Walston (2005), Involving men in reproductive health is particularly challenging in countries whose culturally defined gender roles may hinder menââ¬â¢s participation. For establishing an effective and therapeutic communication, it is necessary for a healthcare professional to overcome these barriers. To overcome these issues, the healthcare professional shouldnââ¬â¢t be hesitant while taking the history about reproductive health. According to Jayasuriya Dennick (2011), there are many barriers within the learner. The first and the foremost is the deficiency of knowledge. A few students omit a sexual history in light of the fact that they dont comprehend its applicability to a specific clinical situation. It is less demanding to ask an intrusive question if one comprehends the pertinence of the inquiry and is thus ready to advocate it ââ¬â both to oneself and to the client. The second barrier within the learner is problems with terminology. In sexual history-taking, students may be confronted with vocabulary or behavior with which they are unfamiliar. According to Jayasuriya Dennick (2011), students may be hesitant to seek clarification, particularly where sexual activity is concerned, for fear of appearing sexually inexperienced, or unversed in sexual behavior. The third barrier is the concern about patientââ¬â¢s perception of student. Students some of the time express worry about picking up clients trust or bringing on offense by their inquiries (Jayasuriya Dennick 2011). The other set of barriers is barriers within the learning environment. The most significant barrier of this set is cultural barriers. According to Jayasuriya Dennick (2011), in some cultures, sex is allied by shame. This feeling of taboo penetrates into medical culture as well. Indeed, healthcare professionals who do talk about sexual wellbeing may limit themselves to medicalââ¬â¢ issues such as infections, while evading issues relating to sexual lifestyle. While reflecting on my role, I realized that I shouldnââ¬â¢t have kept quiet. I shouldnââ¬â¢t have hesitated and shouldââ¬â¢ve intervened and said something to make the client comfortable. I shouldââ¬â¢ve shown professionalism which might have helped the client understand and realize the purpose of taking the sexual history. If I encounter similar situations in the future, Iââ¬â¢ll try not to hesitate and along with that Iââ¬â¢ll try to make the patient comfortable by telling her the significance of taking the reproductive health history. After studying the literature now I know that for an effective communication, health care providers should respect the feelings, sexual values, lifestyle and social norms and limitations of the client. And they should have the current knowledge about regarding sexual health. In addition, talking about reproductive health can be difficult for clients and health care providers as well, but continuous practicing and use of effective skills can promote communication and it will also help to ensure the best possible care (Association of reproductive health professionals April, 2008). As we know that students learn a lot from clinical experiences so for that purpose, students could watch a specialist take a sexual history from a client or they could watch a video of the same methodology or they could partake in a role-play activity (Jayasuriya Dennick 2011). In conclusion, involvement of male in reproductive health is also necessary as female health care providers to promote a healthy sexual life. Male involvement in reproductive health can be achieved through the use of effective therapeutic communication skills, training and practice, current knowledge regarding reproductive health so that a better role can be played as a nurse. References Magnan, M., Reynolds, K., Galvin, E. (2005). Barriers to addressing patient sexuality in nursing practice.Medsurg Nursing,14(5), 282. Shukla, V., Yourchock, B., Coutcher, M. (2013). Overcoming Barriers Regarding Sexual History Taking: Case Reports.Journal Of Therapy Management In HIV Infection,1(2), 3639. Walston, N. (2005). Challenges and opportunities for male involvement in reproductive health in Cambodia.Phnom Penh: POLICY Project/Cambodia. Jayasuriya, A., Dennick, R. (2011). Sexual history-taking: using educational interventions to overcome barriers to learning.Sex Education,11(01), 99112. Association of Reproductive Health Professionals. (2008, April).What You Need to Know Talking to Patients About Sexuality and Sexual Health. Retrieved from http://http://www.arhp.org/uploadDocs/sexandsexfactsheet.pdf Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05327973621541177103noreply@blogger.com0